Psychotherapy
Mojgan Zandi; Shahram Mohammad Khani; Mohammad Hatami
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (2023), approximately 95% of all adults with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. The quality of life of these patients is low. Considering that the psychological complications of type 2 diabetes are very costly, it is very important to pay attention to psychological ...
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According to the World Health Organization (2023), approximately 95% of all adults with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. The quality of life of these patients is low. Considering that the psychological complications of type 2 diabetes are very costly, it is very important to pay attention to psychological therapies for its consequences, including the quality of life; The main question of the current research is “what extent is the effect of ACT and EFT on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes”. This research was a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The statistical population of the current study was all patients with type 2 diabetes living in Tehran who had visited the endocrinology clinics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Using the available sampling method, 45 patients with type 2 diabetes were replaced in three groups according to the entry and exit criteria. Quality of life (SF-36) was used to collect data. For the first experimental group, ACT was performed in 12 one-hour sessions, and for the second experimental group, EFT was performed based in 8 one-hour sessions. Finally, the data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test and repeated measure test. In addition, SPSS-26 software was used for the analysis.The results of the one-sample t-test showed that in the ACT group, the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the quality of life and its dimensions (emotional health, mental health, lack of physical pain, general health) was significant; This means that these scores have increased in the post-test compared to the pre-test. In the EFT group, the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the quality of life and its dimensions (emotional health, lack of fatigue, social functioning, lack of physical pain) was significant; In other words, EFT had an effect on increasing scores in the post-test. But in the control group, no significant difference was observed between the pre-test and post-test scores. The results of the mixed variance analysis test showed that the effect of time and group on the quality of life of patients was significant; However, the group × time effect on the patients' quality of life was not significant; In other words, there is a difference between the levels of time (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) in all study groups. Also, the results showed that ACT and EFT have almost the same effect on patients' quality of life. The results of the interaction effect of therapies and mechanism variables showed that ACT with the help of psychological flexibility and EFT with the help of emotional efficiency were effective in improving the quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients.The results showed that ACT and EFT were effective on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes and no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of these two therapies on the quality of life. This result is consistent with previous findings. ACT seeks to increase psychological flexibility, which includes awareness and acceptance of one's thoughts and feelings while taking actions that are aligned with personal values; Therefore, increasing psychological flexibility, which has been confirmed to be related to quality of life, can help people with type 2 diabetes to deal with emotional challenges caused by this disease, such as hopelessness, anxiety, or depression, which can improve their quality of life. Regarding the effectiveness of EFT on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes in the present study, it can be said that this finding is consistent with previous findings. In explaining this finding, it can be argued that living with type 2 diabetes often involves managing stress related to the disease itself and its treatment, and EFT can provide people with strategies to deal with stress more effectively, such as identifying and challenging unhelpful thoughts and developing healthy coping mechanisms; Therefore, it can have a positive effect on the quality of life of people with diabetes. Based on the findings, it is suggested that ACT and EFT use to improve the quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients.
Banafsheh Zarei; Yadollah Zargar; Iran Davoudi
Abstract
IntroductionPanic disorder (PD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks, anticipation and worry about further panic attacks and their potential consequences, as well as dysfunctional reassurance and avoidance behaviors aimed at preventing them. Panic disorder disrupts a ...
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IntroductionPanic disorder (PD) is a severe anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks, anticipation and worry about further panic attacks and their potential consequences, as well as dysfunctional reassurance and avoidance behaviors aimed at preventing them. Panic disorder disrupts a person's performance in important areas of life and negatively effects on quality of life. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among people with panic disorder in Ahvaz city. MethodThe research method was experimental single subject with non' concurrent multiple baseline design trials. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals with panic disorder referring to counseling centers in Ahvaz from February 2020 to August 2020. Three of them were selected using available sampling, and randomly between 3 and 5 baseline sessions were considered for them. The treatment program was carried out for 10 weekly sessions derived from the cognitive-behavioral therapy protocol, with a follow-up period of 6 weeks after treatment termination. Data were collected from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID-5-CV), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Clinically Significant Improvement (CSI), Visual Analysis, and Reliable Change Index (RCI) were used to analyze the data.ResultsResults showed that panic symptom severity decreased with CBT. Participants achieved a 52/69 percentage of recovery in BAI, and 55/03 percentage of recovery in QOLQ. These results indicate the effective effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on reducing the symptoms of panic disorder and increasing the quality of life in the participants. Also, the results of the reliable change index in Beck anxiety scores after the intervention sessions were (2.25 for the first participant), (2.57 for the second participant), and (2.90 for the third participant). After 6 weeks' follow-up, the reliable change index was in the first participant (2.45), the second participant (2.78), and the third participant (2.81). Considering that the score of each participant reached above Z = 1.96, it is possible to attribute the change or improvement obtained to the effect of the intervention with a 95% confidence level (P < 0.05). The result of the reliable change index in quality of life scores after follow-up indicates that in some subscales, the improvement was caused by the intervention and treatment. The rate of reliable change index was calculated for the first participant in the quality of life subscales, respectively, physical (6.37), psychological (4.28), social (1.99), and environmental (2.47). In the second participant, physical (6/37), psychological (4/28), social (2/63) and environmental (1/23), and in the third participant, physical (5/14). Psychological (3.25), social (0.63), and environmental (1.44) were obtained. In other words, cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in decreasing panic symptoms and increasing quality of life. ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, panic disorder is common and can lead to significant disruption in daily functioning and reduce quality of life. Using both cognitive and behavioral techniques is effective in improving a person's performance and improving panic symptoms, as well as improving the quality of life. Accordingly, cognitive behavioral therapy CBT for treating panic disorders and improving quality of life may be useful in Iranian clinical settings. In other words, results from the present study indicate that a CBT protocol of acceptability in patients with PD can be successfully delivered in this population.
Hossein Mahdiyan; Elham Mahdiyanfar; Ali Jahangiri
Abstract
IntroductionHumans go through sensitive phases in their lives, and one of the critical and decisive phases is the issue of marriage and the formation of a common life, and more importantly, the efforts of each couple to maintain this common life so that they can reach their desired goals. Today, it is ...
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IntroductionHumans go through sensitive phases in their lives, and one of the critical and decisive phases is the issue of marriage and the formation of a common life, and more importantly, the efforts of each couple to maintain this common life so that they can reach their desired goals. Today, it is very important to expand the horizon of psychological treatments, especially to find more effective treatments. Also, comparing different treatments can be a priority among researchers to choose the most effective treatment that can be more cost-effective. Therefore, the current research seeks to investigate whether mindfulness and schema therapy have an effect on marital conflict, anger management, and quality of life. And which one has more influence on the components of marital conflict, anger management and quality of life? The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and schema therapy on anger management, marital conflict and quality of life. MethodThe method used in this study was quasi-experimental, in which the effect of two independent variables, namely schema therapy and mindfulness, on the dependent variables, namely marital conflict, anger management and quality of life, was examined. The pre-test-post-test design with the control group was used. The statistical population of this study consisted of all men and women who referred to counseling centers. To measure independent variables such as mindfulness in this study, the mindfulness package based on the package written by Bowen, Chaula and Marlat (2011) was used to measure anger management using the Spielberger anger control questionnaire, to measure quality of life from 36-item quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) and to measure conflict from Zakir and Barati questionnaire (2008) to analyze information from software. ResultsThe results showed that both therapeutic schemas and mindfulness training increased anger management, reduced marital conflicts and increased the quality of life of the experimental group compared to the control group. In addition, the results indicated that there is no difference in the mean total score of marital conflict, anger management and quality of life between the two groups of schema therapy and mindfulness, but between the control group and the two groups of schema therapy and mindfulness in all three conflict variables. There is a significant difference between marital, anger management and quality of life (P<0.001). Therefore, both types of treatment had the same effect on marital conflict, anger management and quality of life in couples with conflict. DiscussionIn comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and mindfulness on anger management, marital conflict and quality of life in this study, it was observed that the training of both schema therapy and mindfulness groups increased anger management, reduced marital conflicts and increased quality of life in the experimental group compared to the control group was. Therefore, the training of both therapy groups is effective in increasing anger management and reducing marital conflicts, as well as increasing the quality of martial life. In addition, both types of treatment showed the same effect on marital conflict, anger management and quality of life in couples with conflict.
Shima Nematollahi; Fatemeh Borazjan; Gholam Reza Pishdad; Mehrnoosh Zakerkish; Foroogh Namjoyan; Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
Abstract
IntroductionIncreased prevalence of diabetes due to increased unhealthy eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle increases inflammation and imbalance of glycemic status and consequently decreases the quality of life. MethodA randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 50 patients with ...
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IntroductionIncreased prevalence of diabetes due to increased unhealthy eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle increases inflammation and imbalance of glycemic status and consequently decreases the quality of life. MethodA randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 50 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants in the intervention group who received 3 capsules of 500 mg (300 mg of berberine + 200 mg of fenugreek seed powder) or a placebo daily for 12 weeks were randomly selected. Results68% of each study group was female. Most dimensions of quality of life were significantly increased in the intervention group and the placebo group at the end of the study was significant in only 3 of the dimensions. The mean physical component summary score (PCS) from baseline to week 12 was significantly approximately similar in the intervention and placebo groups. In contrast, the mean changes within the group's mental component summary score (MCS) at the beginning of the study in the intervention group (P = 0.001) were greater than the placebo group (P = 0.4). While no significant relationship was observed between the two groups at the beginning and end of the intervention. DiscussionThe current study assessed for the first time the combined effect of berberine and fenugreek seed on glycemic indices, inflammatory factors, lipid profiles health-related quality of life in T2DM patients. One of the main reasons for the difference in the results of this study and the lack of significant effect following supplementation with berberine and fenugreek on various factors, unlike the results of previous studies, was related to the dose used. We used the lower dose of these two plants with the aim of better gastrointestinal tolerance, and it seems that this dose does not have a significant effect on some biochemical factors. Diabetes obviously could affect both the health and quality of life of patients. Likewise, type 2 diabetes patients have a lower quality of life than those healthy persons. Accordingly, health-related quality of life would be assessed through several domains including physical and psychological health. In the current study, the SF-12 subscale in the intervention group significantly improved scores for general health (GH), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), physical functioning (PH), Role physical (RP), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE), physical component summary (PCS) score and also increased the mental component summary (MCS) score. Similarly, in other clinical studies, intervention with herbal medicine, date, and synbiotics augmented the quality of life scores for some of the subscales. The finding of a recent Meta-analysis showed physiological or clinical outcomes, and westernize diet was associated with the QOL of type 2 diabetes patients. The combination of berberine and fenugreek seeds can improve the quality of life in diabetic patients by improving their metabolic status, so it can support the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory role of berberine and fenugreek seeds.
niloofar torfizadeh; mohammd soltanizadeh; Masoud Etemadifar
Abstract
Introduction : Epilepsy - the most common chronic neurological disease of childhood - is unpleasant for family members, especially mothers, not to mention that they play key roles in the care and control of seizures . thereby suffering from high anxiety. Childhood onset epilepsy can have a very significant ...
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Introduction : Epilepsy - the most common chronic neurological disease of childhood - is unpleasant for family members, especially mothers, not to mention that they play key roles in the care and control of seizures . thereby suffering from high anxiety. Childhood onset epilepsy can have a very significant impact on family functioning with high rates of maternal anxiety and depression being reported , Such chronic diseases like epilepsy can also put the family at risk over a long period of time, as well as leading mothers to not paying enough attention to other aspects of life. Therefore, families having children with such disabilities are exposed to many stressors that can hinder family development. As well as impacting on the parents themselves, parental mental health symptoms can impact negatively on behavior in children with epilepsy underlining the need to identify and provide support for these problems.Method : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness - based stress reduction on worry and quality of life in mothers of children with epilepsy. The design of this quasi -experimental study was pretest - posttest with a control group. The study population was all mothers of Children with Epilepsy in Isfahan. The sample of the study was 30 of these mothers who were purposefully selected from the Masih Epilepsy Society and randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental and control). The experimental group was trained in mindfulness - based stress reduction program (Based on theory Teasdale et al, 2007) for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. Also, after the end of the study, treatment was performed for the people in the control group. The Pennsylvania State worry Questionnaire (1990) and the ware& Sherbourne Quality of Life Questionnaire (1992) were used to collect data. Results : The results were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that educational intervention reduced worry and increased quality of life in two main dimensions (physical health and mental health) in mothers with epileptic children (p < 0. 05) .Discussion : Mindfulness - based stress reduction program can reduce worry and increase the physical and mental health of mothers with epileptic children. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use mindfulness - based stress reduction therapy as intervention method to reduce worry and increase physical and mental health in mothers of children with epilepsy.
frah Naderi
Abstract
Introduction Depression ranges among the most impairing mental disorders worldwide, and its early detection is a global health priority (Gundel, Pedersen, Munk-Olsen, and Dalsgaard, 2018). The World Health Organization recently announced depression, particularly in adolescents and young adults, as especially ...
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Introduction Depression ranges among the most impairing mental disorders worldwide, and its early detection is a global health priority (Gundel, Pedersen, Munk-Olsen, and Dalsgaard, 2018). The World Health Organization recently announced depression, particularly in adolescents and young adults, as especially important, and selected this impairing mental disorder for their World Health Day 2017 (The World Health Organization, 2017). Depression is associated with higher negative thoughts (Giy, 2014), increased risk of suicide (Laursen, Musliner, Benros, Vestergaard and Munk-Olsen, 2016) and lower life quality (Vojta, Kinosian, Glick, Altshuler and Bauer, 2010). Identifying groups at high-risk of developing depression is an important public health concern and aids clinicians to diagnose the disorder earlier, can potentially reduce individual, familial and societal costs. The research was purposed to investigate the effects of choice theory implementation on negative automatic thoughts, cogitating suicide and quality of life in depressed clients in therapeutic clinics of Ahvaz. Material and Method The sample consisted of 30 subjects of the mentioned population whom were selected randomly via simple random sampling procedure. The participants were allocated to two experimental and control groups, 15 each. The research design was a pretest-posttest with control group and follow up. Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire- 30 (ATQ-30, Kendall and Hollon, 1980), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) (1991) and WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO QoL-BREF, 2000) were utilized as data source. The two groups were pretested. Choice theory based intervention was implemented for 8 sessions, 90 minutes each, on experimental group. The control group received none. Then the two groups were post tested and one month follow-up was finally proceeded. To analyze data, multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOA) and one way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used as statistical main procedures. Results The results indicated decreasing negative automatic thoughts and suicide cogitation but increasing the life quality in depressed individuals. The results were persistent after one month follow-up. Discussion Choice theory, with the seven caring habits, supporting, encouraging, listening, accepting, trusting, respecting and negotiating differences replaces external control and the seven deadly habits, criticizing, blaming, complaining, nagging, threating, punishing and bribing (rewarding to control). The only person whose behavior we can control is our own. All we can give another person is information. All long-lasting psychological problems are relationship problems. The relationship problem is always part of our present life. What happened in the past has everything to do with what we are today, but we can only satisfy our basic needs right now and plan to continue satisfying them in the future. We can only satisfy our needs by satisfying the pictures in our Quality World. All we do is behave. All behavior is Total Behavior and is made up of four components: acting, thinking, feeling and physiology. All Total Behavior is chosen, but we only have direct control over the acting and thinking components. We can only control our feeling and physiology indirectly through how we choose to act and think. All Total Behavior is designated by verbs and named by the part that is the most recognizable. While the choice theory implementation via controlling the feeling and through how we choose to act and think demolishing negative automatic thoughts, lowering suicide cogitation risks and finally elevating quality of life. Conclusion The results confirmed the effects of choice theory implementation on negative automatic thoughts, suicide cogitation and quality of life in depressed individuals while the outcome was continuing to endure over a prolonged period.
P. Ganjeh; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand; I. Davoudi; Y. Zargar
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention on the quality of life and self-efficacy in 10-15 year old boys with Asthma symptoms in the city of Ahvaz. The sample was selected using convenience sampling. In order to confirm Asthma symptoms, the participants ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention on the quality of life and self-efficacy in 10-15 year old boys with Asthma symptoms in the city of Ahvaz. The sample was selected using convenience sampling. In order to confirm Asthma symptoms, the participants completed the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire (ISAAC). 12 children with asthma symptoms were randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control group). All the participants completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire Asthma module and the Children and Adolescence Self-efficacy Scale in the posttest and follow up stages. The experimental group received 10 sessions of intervention. The data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS. The results showed significant improvement in the quality of life and self-efficacy of the experimental group compared with the control group. But there weren't any significant difference between the two groups for the asthma symptoms component. The findings suggest that cognitive-behavioral intervention can be used as a well-established psychotherapy procedure and supplement to medical treatment for children and adolescents with asthma symptoms to reduce asthma complications.
K. Fathi; M. Mehrabizade Honarmand; Y. Zargar; I. Davoodi; N. Shahba
Volume 20, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 193-216
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress management with group cognitive behavioral therapy on illness perceptions, quality of life, general health and clinical symptoms of women with psoriasis. Among fifty one women who volunteered to participate in the study, thirty ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress management with group cognitive behavioral therapy on illness perceptions, quality of life, general health and clinical symptoms of women with psoriasis. Among fifty one women who volunteered to participate in the study, thirty two women with psoriasis were randomly selected and divided into two groups (experimental and control group). All the participants reply to short version of Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Quality of Life Skindex-16, general health questionnaire and Psoriasis Area Severity Index. The experimental group was trained with cognitive behavioral stress management during 10 sessions. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed an improvement in illness perceptions, quality of life, general health and clinical symptoms in the experimental group comparing to the control group. Based on findings, it is suggested that stress management with group cognitive behavioral therapy can be used as a psychotherapy method along with medical treatment to treat psoriatic patients.
