Tahereh Hosseini; Mehdi Zare Bahramabadi; Reza Ghorban Jahromi
Abstract
IntroductionToday, diabetes is known as the most common metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence, a decrease in life expectancy by one third, and an estimated 171 million people worldwide as the most important chronic disease. Since diabetes does not only damage physical and mental performance, ...
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IntroductionToday, diabetes is known as the most common metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence, a decrease in life expectancy by one third, and an estimated 171 million people worldwide as the most important chronic disease. Since diabetes does not only damage physical and mental performance, and the complications of this disease affect mental status, individual, family, and social relationships, sexual function, perception of health, attitude to the future, life expectancy, etc., therefore, in order to increase the quality of life of people with diabetes, it seems necessary to conduct this research to correctly identify this important construct and the factors affecting its maintenance and continuation. Therefore, in this study, we seek to answer the question of whether emotional schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between the relationship to a just world and social support. Until a few years ago, infectious diseases were considered as the biggest health problem in third-world countries. So that all the power of the countries was used to control and prevent the epidemics of these diseases; But currently, the increase in the burden of non-communicable diseases, especially in developing countries, is considered a serious threat.Proper control of diabetes requires the patient's ability to take care of himself and his commitment to maintaining his health. A diabetic patient must have a proper and accurate diet plan, exercise regularly, take his medications, and sometimes inject insulin several times a day. Diabetes Mellitus or sugar disease is one of the chronic diseases that have plagued mankind for many years, and it can be seen in all ages. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of emotional schemas in the relationship between belief in a just world and social support. MethodThe research method is descriptive correlation and structural equation modeling in a special way. The statistical population included all patients with type 2 diabetes referred to specialized diabetes clinics in Tehran, and 350 people were randomly selected from among those who were referred to the Taban Diabetes Clinic (Tehran District 2) in the autumn of 2020-2021. All research processes were done virtually due to the Covid-19 virus pandemic. Research tools include the scale of belief in a just world (Dalbert, 1999) and (Sutton & Douglas, 2005), the scale of perceived social support (Zimet et al., 1988), the scale of emotional schemas (Leahy, 2002), which is the software was provided to the participants. ResultsThe results showed that the fit indices of the research model were favorable (GFI<0.9) and emotional schemas played a mediating role in the relationship between belief in a just world and social support. This model explains 63% of the changes in belief in a just world in diabetic patients. The obtained results showed that the direct relationship between social support and belief in a just world is significant. Also, emotional schemas can play a mediating role in the relationship between social support and belief in a just world.Based on the descriptive indicators of age, gender, and education level of the sample group, out of 350 people in the sample group, the highest frequency was among respondents aged between 46 and 55 years with 156 people (44.6 percent) and then respondents aged between 35 and 45 years with 131 people (37.4 percent). 59 percent (208 people) of the sample group were women and 41 percent (142 people) were men. Also, 49 percent (173 people) had a diploma education, 26 percent (92 people) had a bachelor's degree, and 11 percent (37 people) had a master's degree. The obtained data were analyzed using the structural equation method. First, the assumptions of this analysis were examined. Outliers were removed and univariate and multivariate normal distributions were established. The construct validity of all three concepts of social support, emotional schemas, and belief in a just world was examined and confirmed. To examine the causal model of belief in a just world based on social support with the mediating role of emotional schemas, the initial research model was analyzed. DiscussionThis means that emotional schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between social support and belief in a just world. In fact, the understanding of social support can prevent the occurrence of adverse physiological effects of the disease in a person, increase the level of self-care and self-confidence of a person, and leave a positive impact on a person's physical, mental, and social condition, and clearly increase performance and improve quality of life. The general result of this research indicates that people with diabetes who have higher social support believe more in the fairness of the world and this belief is doubled when the cognitive flexibility of these people is effective as an executive function of the mind.
Hossein Shafiee; Mohsen Shakeri; Mehdi Rahimi; Mahdieh Estabraghi
Abstract
Introduction
One of the most important stages in human development is adolescence; the period when a person goes through childhood and encounters new plans and responsibilities in the family and society. One of the most critical adolescent issues is adolescents' mental health and well-being. Various ...
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Introduction
One of the most important stages in human development is adolescence; the period when a person goes through childhood and encounters new plans and responsibilities in the family and society. One of the most critical adolescent issues is adolescents' mental health and well-being. Various research studies have shown that psychological well-being is necessary for many successes and advances of individuals. It should be noted that many factors can increase or decrease psychological well-being; knowing them can be used to help adolescents improve psychological well-being. Various studies have shown that social support is one of the variables that play an important role in well-being. Gratitude is one of the factors that can probably act as a mediator in the impact of social support on people's well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of social support in the well-being of high school students in Ashkezar with the mediating role of gratitude.
Method
This study was a correlational one (structural equation modeling). The population of this study included all male and female high school students in Ashkezar in the academic year of 2020-2021. A sample of 274 students was selected from the study population by convenient sampling. The research data were collected through Zimment et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire, Morgan et al.'s Gratitude Questionnaire, and Reef's Psychological Well-Being Scale. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Amos-24 software. A bootstrap test was also used to check the indirect effects and mediating roles. Finally, various fitness indices were applied to check the consistency between the data and the conceptual framework.
Results
Regarding direct effects, the results showed that social support has a positive and significant effect on gratitude (β = 0.73) and psychological well-being (β = 0.63). The results also showed that gratitude positively and significantly affects psychological well-being (β = 0.42). The results of the bootstrap test also showed that in the relationship between social support and psychological well-being, the variable of gratitude could play a mediating role. Finally, the results showed that the proposed model has good fitness.
Conclusion
In sum, according to the research findings, it can be concluded that families and community officials can provide the environment to improve adolescents' mental health by delivering appropriate supportive environments. Also, proper conditions can promote adolescents' psychological well-being by teaching gratitude to adolescents. The results have been discussed in more detail using theoretical bases in the paper.
Nasser Behroozi
Abstract
IntroductionDue to the emergence of Covid 19 disease and according to the stable psychological reactions caused by the outbreak of this virus and the importance of anxiety and fear of this virus on the psychological well-being of students, The study aimed to investigate the relationship between fear ...
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IntroductionDue to the emergence of Covid 19 disease and according to the stable psychological reactions caused by the outbreak of this virus and the importance of anxiety and fear of this virus on the psychological well-being of students, The study aimed to investigate the relationship between fear of Covid 19 and psychological well-being by mediating the role of psychological Hardiness and social support in undergraduate students. The virus challenged the quality of life of people around the world and changed interpersonal issues and self-acceptance questions, the meaning of life, and relationships with others. The disease is prevalent in Iran, as in other countries, and has rapidly endangered the physical and mental health of people, as the prevalence of this disease has raised concerns about the possibility of death from viral infections and has led to psychological stress. Research shows that people with coronavirus anxiety suffer from a wide range of psychological problems, and having the infection is a psychological risk factor, to the point that, among people in the United States, China, and more recently India, people suffer from anxiety. The disease led to suicide. Since to reduce the fear of Quid 19, one must first identify the effective factors and identify the share of each of them and use them, the present study seeks to answer the question of whether reducing the fear of Quid 19 increases welfare psychologically affected? Also, can Psychological well-being and social support play a mediating role in these two variables? As a result, the present study was conducted to investigate this model in students.MethodThis study was a descriptive correlational study. The study's statistical population was all undergraduate students studying at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz from 1300 to 1400, from which 360 students were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. In this study, tools of fear of Covid 19, a short psychological well-being questionnaire, psychological hardiness of Ahvaz University, and social support were used to collect data. Findings confirmed the suitability of reliability and validity of the instruments. The direct relationships of the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 software and the indirect and mediated relationships were analyzed using Bootstrap. ResultsThe results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between fear of Covid and psychological Hardiness, social sup, port and psychological well-being (p˂0.01). The results also showed that psychological Hardiness and social support play a mediating role. DiscussionConsidering the inverse relationship between fear of Covid 19 and social support and psychological hardiness, it seems that the existence of supportive measures by family and others during the coronavirus epidemic is necessary. It is also possible to reduce the fear of Covid and increase the psychological well-being of individuals by increasing the characterstic of psychological hardiness. It is suggested that other variables that can be effective as a shield against severe stress should also be considered.
Ebadollah Toyari; Saeed Bakhtiarpour; Reza Pasha; mohammadReza Borna
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design and test the pattern of the effect of mental-spirtual transformation and social support on marital happiness considering the mediating role of emotional regulation in parents of exceptional children. In this descriptive-correlational study, all the parents of exceptional ...
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The aim of this study was to design and test the pattern of the effect of mental-spirtual transformation and social support on marital happiness considering the mediating role of emotional regulation in parents of exceptional children. In this descriptive-correlational study, all the parents of exceptional children of Khuzestan privince in year 2019 constituted the research population. From this population, 234 people were selected through convenience sampling method. In this study, mental-spirtual transformation, social support, marital happiness and emotional regulation were used for data collection in this study. The proposed model was evaluated using a path analysis method. Bootstrap test was used to test the indirect relationships. The results of this study showed that all direct paths social support with marital happiness were significant. Indirect pathways were also significant through emotional regulation with marital happiness. The proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the result and an important step in recognizing the effective factors in the marital happiness of parents of exceptional children and can be useful as a model for designing and stress management programs and increased marital happiness for this parents.
A. Nazari Chegani; N. Behroozi; S. E. Hashemi Sheykh Shabani; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
Volume 19, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 81-100
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship of secure and insecure avoidant attachment styles with depression and life satisfaction with mediating role of optimism and social support among female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 300 employees who ...
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The present study investigated the relationship of secure and insecure avoidant attachment styles with depression and life satisfaction with mediating role of optimism and social support among female undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 300 employees who were selected randomly by multi-stage sampling method. In order to investigate Attachment Styles Inventory (AAI; Simpson, 1990), optimism (LOT-R; Scheier, Carver & Bridge, 1994), Social Support (PSSI; Phlips, 1986), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, 1974) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Ryff, Lee, Essex & Schmutte, 1994). Results showed that secure attachment life style with satisfaction and depression has respectively significant negative relationship and positive relationship, and there is respectively significant positive relationship and negative relationship between insecure avoidant attachment style and life satisfaction and depression. There are significant positive relationships between secure attachment style and social support and optimism. Research also confirmed the mediating role of optimism and social support variables.
