Maryam Aghaei; Amrollah Ebrahimi; Mojtaba Ansari Shahidi
Abstract
IntroductionIn the past decades, a group of diseases have been classified under the title of psychosomatic complaints and it has been reported that the diagnostic problems and their differentiation from other diseases have caused an increase in paraclinical and diagnostic costs in the patients of this ...
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IntroductionIn the past decades, a group of diseases have been classified under the title of psychosomatic complaints and it has been reported that the diagnostic problems and their differentiation from other diseases have caused an increase in paraclinical and diagnostic costs in the patients of this group of patients. Psychosomatic diseases are a class of diseases in which a person suffers from physical and physical signs and symptoms that are caused by psychological factors or may be intensified under the influence of psychological characteristics and stressors. It seems that in addition to biological mechanisms, psychological and emotional factors are involved in the occurrence of these diseases. In this way, different levels of feelings of hostility, depression, and anxiety can be seen as the predominant basic factors of psychosomatic complaints. According to this, the present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on cognitive fusion and alexithymia in students with psychosomatic disorders. MethodThe research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group, and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population included secondary high school students with psychosomatic disorder in Khomeini Shahr in the academic year 2020-21. 37 students with signs of psychosomatic disorder were selected through the purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (18 in the experimental and 19 in the control group). The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention during two months. The applied questionnaires in this study included a psychosomatic complaints scale (Takata & Sakara, 2004), a Cognitive fusion questionnaire (Gillanders et al., 2014), and an alexithymia (Takata & Sakara, 2004) questionnaire (Bagby et al., 1994). The data from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software. ResultsThe results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has a significant effect on cognitive fusion and alexithymia in students with psychosomatic disorder (p<0.001). Also, the results showed that this effectiveness remained stable in the two-month follow-up period. Descriptive findings also indicated that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness was able to reduce the average scores of cognitive fusion and alexithymia of students with psychosomatic complaints. ConclusionAccording to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be used as an efficient therapy to decrease cognitive fusion and alexithymia in students with psychosomatic disorder through mindful activities and attitudes and addressing feelings and problem-making emotions. In addition, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness by applying practical mechanisms (such as body awareness and cognitive and emotional re-evaluation), can reduce the cognitive and emotional avoidance of students with psychosomatic complaints. On the other hand, by accepting signs and symptoms, students reduce overthinking about symptoms and learn that these are part of the body's defense mechanisms against stress that they have to deal with. This process improves the skill of regulating, managing, and expressing emotions and reduces alexithymia and cognitive fusion.
Abdollah Shafiabady; Jafar Hasani.; Mercedeh Yari
Abstract
IntroductionCosmetic surgery is a common phenomenon in recent decades, and the motivation to seek cosmetic surgery is based on a combination of psychological, emotional, and personality factors. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral emotion-oriented behavioral therapy ...
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IntroductionCosmetic surgery is a common phenomenon in recent decades, and the motivation to seek cosmetic surgery is based on a combination of psychological, emotional, and personality factors. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral emotion-oriented behavioral therapy with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on body image and cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls. Methods The population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 1398-97. In a quasi-experimental design of this community, two high schools were selected using multi-stage sampling; 45 students were eligible to enter the study (performing preoperative initial procedures). From this community, 30 students were selected based on the cluster sampling method and were randomly matched into two experimental groups and one control group. Research toolsmultidimensional Body – Self Relations Questionnaire: Used. This questionnaire has 46 articles. The validity of the subscales ranging from alpha ranged from 0.83 to 0.92, indicating a high level of internal consistency. A body was obtained which indicates the reliability of a satisfactory test trial on this scale. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: This version includes 9 subscales, representing 9 cognitive emotion regulation strategies that are divided into two categories adaptive and maladaptive; Each of the four items of this questionnaire consists of two items that are graded on a Likert scale from (1) never to (5) always. The total score of each subscale is obtained by adding the score of the items. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha range was 0.76 to 0.96) and retest (with correlation range of 0.51 to 0.77) and validity of the questionnaire through principal component analysis using Varimax rotation correlation between subscales (with correlation range of 32 / 0 to 0.67) and the validity of the desired criterion has been reported. ResultsThe results showed that both cognitive-behavioral therapies focused on emotion and mindfulness in improving body image and cognitive emotion regulation. Female adolescents requesting cosmetic surgery were effective (p <0.05). But there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two treatments on the mentioned variables (p> 0.05). ConclusionBased on the findings, it said that the application of both therapeutic approaches is effective in Improving body image and better cognitive emotion regulation as well as treatment.
shahnaz adibi sede; mohammadali sepahvandi; simin gholamrezaei
Abstract
IntroductionIndeed, many notable parameters such as difficult and late diagnosis, occurrence of symptoms after a natural and normal course of growth, lack of effective treatment of autism spectrum disorder and special care which is needed by autism children, can affect the mental health of parents, and ...
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IntroductionIndeed, many notable parameters such as difficult and late diagnosis, occurrence of symptoms after a natural and normal course of growth, lack of effective treatment of autism spectrum disorder and special care which is needed by autism children, can affect the mental health of parents, and in particular mothers. In psychotherapy research, mindfulness is considered as one of the new therapies in the field of relapse prevention and an enhanced state of self-awarness thought in order to improve the depression and anxiety. Considering the existence of mood disorders and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, the overall aim of this study was to determine the effectives of mindfullness-based cognitive therapy on depression and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Method:This research, which Is a quasi-experimental study, compromised of per-test, post-test and follow-up study with the control group. The sample group was selected by available sampling method from mothers referred to the Isfahan “Hazrat Zainab” autism charity. Therefore, 20 subjects were chosen randomly and assigned to two control and experimental groups (each with 10 subjects). In order to assess the severity of depression and anxiety in mothers, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used in pre-test, post-test and one month follow-up phases. The experimental group recieved the mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy for eight 2-hours sessions each week and the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of MANCOVA was used to analyze the data. ResultsThe results of the research revealed that at the post-test stage, depression and anxiety scores decreased significantly in the experimental group after the intervention. Moreover, the experimental group was followed up for one month after the treatment, which no changes were observed in the mentioned scores, compared to the post-test phase. It is worth mentioning that the conditions for the control group were almost the same and no changes were occurred. ConclusionsTherefore, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has been effective in the treatment of depression and anxiety in autistic children's mothers. The results emphasized the importance ofusing thisintervention in treating depression and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder and presenting new insights in clinical interventions. This research showed that using this treatment, reduce psychological problems of mothers of autistic spectrum children, such as their depression and anxiety were reduced, which ultimately lead to prominent results such as the life expectancy increase, adapting to the conditions of the child's illness, better relations with others, having more social activities and reduction of depression and anxiety problems.
