Marziyeh Firouzeh; ساره Ehsani; Majid Barzegar; Morteza Moradi Doliskani
Abstract
IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors ...
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IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors into three categories: 1- severe self-injurious behaviors that are observed in mental patients and because of which a person causes serious damage to his own body tissue, such as cutting off a limb from the body. 2- stereotyped (involuntary) self-harming behaviors that are observed in mentally retarded, autism or Tourette syndrome. In such a situation, the person involuntarily and repeatedly hits himself (such as banging his head against the wall). 3- Self-harm behaviors are the most common type and are done under the influence of fashion or other factors: such as scratching and cutting the skin, picking wounds., nail biting, cosmetic surgery, and skin carving. One of the most common problems among teenagers today is self-injurious behavior, which is found to a large extent in all cultures. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the coefficient of difficulty, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-harm. MethodThe research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all female students of the second secondary level of Bushehr 2019-2020 academic year who had a history of self-injury. And the sample size includes 40 people, 20 people were randomly placed and selected in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group. The experimental group underwent dialectical behavior therapy intervention, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were self-injurious behavior questionnaire (Sanson et al., 1998), response to difficulty profile (Stoltz, 1997), Miller Hope Scale (1986) and emotional processing questionnaire (Baker et al., 2010). ResultsThe results showed that the intervention has increased the difficulty coefficient, life expectancy and reduced maladaptive emotional processing in adolescents (p<0.05). Also, the research findings indicated that dialectical behavior therapy is an effective method in emotional processing (p<0.001). It shows the results of univariate analysis of covariance to investigate the effect of the independent variable on each of the dependent variables. The F value obtained for all dependent variables is significant at the P<0.05 level; Therefore, it can be said that dialectical behavior therapy influences emotional processing variables, difficulty coefficient and life expectancy.DiscussionAccording to the results of the research, this intervention can be used to improve the difficulty factor, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-injury, along with other therapeutic interventions. Also, the focus of dialectical behavior therapy on mindfulness, which is done to observe and describe events non-judgmentally, and awareness and alertness focused on the present moment, leads to the natural development of distress tolerance, and the person learns to deal with emotions without evaluating and trying to change or control them and without arousal. or experience distress and thereby learned the skill of coping with adverse events, which leads to an increase in the level of difficulty in facing adverse and stimulating life events.
Developmental Psychology
Alireza Ranjkesh; Kazem Barzegar Bafrooei; Ali Nazari; Mohammad Hossein Fallah
Abstract
IntroductionOn the other hand, one of the psychological problems that affects people in adolescence and affects their mental health is perfectionism. Perfectionism, although it has been one of the most widely used psychological constructs in research over a century ago, but the field of perfectionism ...
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IntroductionOn the other hand, one of the psychological problems that affects people in adolescence and affects their mental health is perfectionism. Perfectionism, although it has been one of the most widely used psychological constructs in research over a century ago, but the field of perfectionism has not been sufficiently explored yet, and the category of teenagers' lived experiences of perfectionism as a qualitative part of this research is basically with the category of understanding. It is related and more than it is aimed at the problem or its solution, it seeks to understand the dimensions of perfectionism and its recognition in teenagers. Therefore, conducting this research is theoretically necessary. The current research was done with the goal of studying the lived experience of perfectionist teenagers and developing a dialectical behavioral therapy training package based on the lived experiences of teenagers of perfectionism and its effectiveness on the self-efficacy of perfectionist teenagers. MethodA qualitative-quantitative combined method was used in this research. In the first stage of the research, a qualitative and phenomenological method was used. The used tool in this step was a semi-structured in-depth interview and the obtained data from a sample of 20 male adolescent students between the ages of 13 and 16 in Isfahan. The used method in the second quantitative part was a semi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all adolescent boys in the first secondary level of Flowerjan city (Isfahan) in 2021. In this way, 40 teenage boys were assigned in the form of cluster sampling according to the entry and exit selection criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental and a control groups (each group include 20 people). To analyze the obtained data from the interview, the seven-step Colaizzi’s method was used. ResultsThe results included 6 main themes (society-oriented perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, self-oriented perfectionism, well-being, relationships, leisure time), 13 sub-themes (1) and 28 sub-themes (2). After that, the obtained results of the interviews were compiled with the basics and techniques of dialectical behaviorism, and in the form of a training package was approved by income experts and approved with CVR: 0.90. Then it was performed on the experimental group in eight sessions of 90-minute. The used tool in this stage of the research was the self-efficacy questionnaire of Morris (2002). The data were analyzed at two descriptive levels (mean and standard deviation) and inferential level (one-way analysis of covariance) and using spss 22 software.Discussionthe results of data analysis showed that the experimental group compared to the control group in the variable of self-efficacy and academic, social, and emotional components have had a significant increase in the post-test phase (p>0.05). According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that the characteristic of perfectionism can have an all-round effect on the lives of teenagers) and put their activities under the influence. We can use the dialectical behavior therapy training package based on the lived experience of perfectionist adolescents for improving self-efficacy and its components in adolescent boys. The results of this research can be used by counselors and psychologists.
parisa abootorabi kashani; Farah Naderi; Sahar Safar zadeh; Fariba Hafezi; Zahra EftekharSaadi
Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is the most common behavioral disorder in childhood and adolescents. The deficit in attention, hyperactivity and impulsity could affect the edcations and social relations. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy and ...
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is the most common behavioral disorder in childhood and adolescents. The deficit in attention, hyperactivity and impulsity could affect the edcations and social relations. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion Regulation on distress tolerance and suicide ideation disorder in adolescents. The statistical population of this study included all Tehran city female high school students in academic year 2019-2020. 45 students were selected, using a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. To collect data Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scale (Conner’s, Erhardt & Sparrow (1999), Distress Tolerance Scale of Simmons & Gahr (2005) and Beck & Steer (1987) Suicide Ideation Scale were implemented. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest, posttest and follow-up design with control group. The experimental groups underwent Dialectical Behavior Therapy (12 sessions 60 minutes each) and Emotion Regulation training (8 sessions of 45 minutes), while the control group received no training. Data were analysed using covariance analysis. The results showed that Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion Regulation training were significantly effective to increase distress tolerance and decrease Suicide Ideation in students (p < 0.01); There was no significant difference between the two treatments in increasing distress tolerance but Dialectical Behavior Therapy had a greater impact on improving adolescents suicide ideation than Emotion Regulation Training. It was concluded that the use of Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion Regulation Training could reduce risky behaviors in individuals with ADHD.
