نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای مشاوره مسیر شغلی. مدرس مدعو گروه مشاوره دانشگاه اصفهان (نویسنده مسئول)

2 دانشیار گروه مشاوره دانشگاه اصفهان

3 استاد گروه مشاوره دانشگاه اصفهان

4 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه اصفهان

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر رشد مسیر شغلی دانش‌آموزان بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش دانش‌آموزان سوم راهنمایی تا پیش دانشگاهی شهر اصفهان در سال تحصیلی 89-1388 بودند. از این جامعه، نمونه‌ای با حجم 721 نفر (دختر و پسر) به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای انتخاب شد. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه‌های پنج عامل شخصیت نئو، رشد مسیر شغلی، باور به مهارت‌ها، حمایت والدین، بی‌تصمیمی مسیر شغلی، خودکارآمدی تصمیم‌گیری و عزت‌نفس استفاده شد. روش‌های آماری مورد استفاده شامل آمار توصیفی و تحلیل استنباطی به روش مدل‌سازی معادله ساختاری بود. نتایج حاصل از مدل معادله ساختاری نشان داد خودکارآمدی تصمیم‌گیری، حمایت خانواده، رغبت هنری و بی‌تصمیمی بر رشد مسیر شغلی دانش‌آموزان تأثیر معنادار دارند. به طوری که بی‌تصمیمی به کاهش و خودکارآمدی تصمیم‌گیری، حمایت خانواده و رغبت هنری بر افزایش رشد مسیر شغلی تأثیر می‌گذارد. تأثیر خودکارآمدی تصمیم‌گیری از سایر عوامل بیشتر است و بعد از آن حمایت خانواده بیشترین تأثیر را دارد. یافته‌ی دیگر پژوهش حاکی از تأثیر مثبت و معنادار خودکارآمدی بر اساس 6 موضوع هالند بر رغبت‌ها می‌باشد. در زمینه‌ی تأثیر شخصیت بر بی‌تصمیمی یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد، روان‌رنجوری تأثیر مثبت و وجدان‌گرایی و تجربه‌گرایی تأثیر منفی بر بی‌تصمیمی دارند. با توجه به اجرای پژوهش در جامعه‌ی دانش‌آموزی شهر اصفهان نتایج پژوهش محدود به این جامعه است و در تعمیم نتایج باید احتیاط کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study of Factors That Affect Students᾽ (8-12) Career Development in Isfahan

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Sadeghi 1
  • I. Baghban 2
  • F. Bahrami 2
  • A. Ahmadi 3
  • H. Molavi 4

1

2

3

4

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was to study the factors that affect students᾽ (8-12 grads) career development in Isfahan. The statistical population of this research includes 8 to 12 grade participants who were 721 students. The NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Career Development Inventory-Australia-short form, Skill Confidence Scale, Parent Support Inventory, Career Decision-Making Scale, Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale, Self Esteem Questionnaire and Strong Interest Inventory were used. The results showed that the effects of career decision-making self-efficacy, parent support and artistic interest were positive and the effect of indecision on career development was negative. Results showed that the effect of career decision-making self-efficacy on career development was more than the effect of other variables. The effect of parent support on career development was more than the effect of artistic interest. In addition, the results indicated that self efficacy had significant effect on interest. Finally, the results showed that neuroticism positively and conscientiousness and openness to experience negatively affected indecision. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • personality
  • career development
  • parent support
  • indecision
  • career decision-making
  • Self-Efficacy
  • interest
فارسی
حق‌شناس لیلا (1387). هنجاریابی، بررسی روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه باور به مهارتها (خودکارآمدی حرفه‌ای در میان دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان). پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره شغلی دانشگاه اصفهان. چاپ نشده
کریمی، جمشید (1387). اثربخشی آموزش مهارتهای تصمیم‌گیری شغلی بر خودکارآمدی تصمیم‌گیری شغلی دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره شغلی، دانشگاه اصفهان: دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی.
کیامهر، جواد (1381). هنجاریابی فرم کوتاه پرسشنامه پنج عاملی نئو و بررسی ساختار عاملی آن در بین دانشجویان علوم انسانی دانشگاههای تهران. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران.
 
لاتین
Bergen, R. J. S. (2006). Family influences on young Adult career Development and aspiration. Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of philosophy. University of North Texas.
Betz, N. E., & Taylor, K. M. (2001). Manual for the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale and CDMSE– Short Form. Columbus, OH: Department of Psychology, the Ohio State University.
Betz, N. E., Borgen, F., Rottinghaus, P., & Harmon, L. (2003). The Expanded Skills Confidence Inventory: Measuring basic dimensions of vocational activity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 76-100.
Betz, N. E., Klein, K. L., & Taylor, K. M. (1996). Evaluation of a short form of the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 4, 47-57.
Blanco, A. (2010). Applying social cognitive career theory to predict interests and choice goals in statistics among Spanish psychology students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, 201-218.
Borgen, F. H., & Lindley, L. D. (2003). Individuality and optimal human functioning: Interests, self-efficacy, and personality. In W.
B. Walsh (Ed.), Counseling psychology and optimal human functioning (55-91). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Brown, D., & Lent, R. W. (2005). Career Development and counseling. John Wiley & sons, Inc.
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PIR) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Creed, P. A., & Paton, W. (2003). Differences in career attitude and career knowledge for high school students with and without paid work experience. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 3, 21-33.
Creed, P. A., & Paton, W. (2004). The development and validation of a short form of the Career Development Inventory – Australia. Australian. Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 14 (2), 125-138.
Dawis, R. V. (2005). The Minnesota Theory of Work Adjustment. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (3-23). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Donnay, D. A., Thompson, R. C., Morris, M. L., & Schaubhut, N. A. (2005). Manual for strong interest inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Counseling Psychology Pres.
Fouad, N. A., Kantamneni, N., Smothers, M. K., Chen, Y. L., Fitzpatrick, M., & Terry, S. (2008). Asian American career development: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 43 (1), 43-59.
 Hargrove, B. K., Creagh, M. G., & Burgess, B. L. (2002). Family interaction patterns as predictors of vocational identity and career decision-making self-efficacy. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 185-201.
Harmon, L. W., Hansen, J. C., Borgen, F. H., & Hammer, A. L. (1994). Strong Interest Inventory: Applications and technical guide. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Hartman, R. O., Betz, N. E. (2007). The five-factor model and career self-efficacy: general and domain-specific relationships. Journal of Career Assessment. 15, 145–161.
Hartung, P. J., Porfeli, E. J., & Vondracek, F. W. (2005). Child vocational development: A review and reconsideration. Journal of

Vocational Behavior, 66, 385-419.
John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, Measurement, and theoretical perspective. In L. A. Pervin, & P. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of Personality, Theory and Research. (102-139). New York; the Guilford Press.
Keller, B. K., Whiston. S. C. (2008). The role of parental Influences on young adolescents' career development. Journal of Career Assessment. 16 (2), 198-217.
Lent, R. W., Paixão, M. P., Silva, J. T., Leitão, L. M. (2010). Predicting occupational interests and choice aspirations in Portuguese high school students: A test of social cognitive career theory. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, 244–251
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance [Monograph]. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45, 79-122.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2004). A contemplated revision of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 587-596.
Nasta, K. A. (2007). Influence career self efficacy beliefs on exploration behaviors. Dissertation for master of science in mental health counseling. University of New York.
Nauta, M. M. (2004). Self-efficacy as a mediator of the relationships between personality factors and career interests. Journal of Career Assessment, 12, 381-394.
Nauta, M. M. (2007). Career Interests. Self efficacy and personality as Antecedents of career exploration. Journal of Career Assessment. 15 (2), l62-180.
Natua, M. M., & Kahn, J. H., Angell, J. W., & Cantarielli, E. A. (2002). Identifying the antecedent in the relation between career interests and self- efficacy: It is one, the other, or both? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 290-301.
Osipow, S. H., Carney, C. G., Winer, J., Yanico, B., & Koschier, M. (1976). The Career Decision Scale. Columbus, OH: Marathon Consulting Press.
Patton, W., Spooner-Lane, R., & Creed, P. A. (2005). Validation of the Short Form of the Career Development Inventory-Australian Version with a Sample of University Students. Australian Journal of Career Development, 14, 265-278.
Piedmont, R. L. (1998). The revised NEO Personality Inventory: Clinical and research applications. New York: Plenum.
Reed, M. B., Bruch, M. A., & Haase, R. F. (2004). Five-factor model of personality and career exploration. Journal of Career Assessment, 12, 223–238.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Rottinghaus, P. J., Lindley, L. D., Green, M. A., & Borgen, F. H. (2002). Educational aspirations: The contribution of personality, self-efficacy, and interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 1-19.
Sadeghi, A., Baghban, I., Bahrami, F., Ahmadi, S. A., & Creed, P. (2011). Validation of the short form of the Career Development Inventory with an Iranian high school sample. International Journal of Educational and Vocational Guidance. 11, 29-38.
Sheu, H. B., Lent, R. W., Brown. S. D., Miller, M. J., Hennessy, K. D., & Duffy, R. D. (2010). Testing the choice model of social cognitive career theory across Holland themes: A meta-analytic path analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, 252–264.
Strong, E. K. (1943). Vocational interests of men and women. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Tracy, T. J. (2002). Development of interests and competency beliefs: A 1- year longitudinal study of fifth to eighth- grade students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 143-163.
Wu, M. (2009). The relationship between parent style, career decision self efficacy, and career maturity of Asian American college students. Dissertation in Doctor of Education. University of Southern California.