نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه سمنان

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی مداخله اصلاح سوگیری‌های شناختی (سوگیری توجه و گرایش به سیگار) بر کاهش وابستگی به سیگار در افراد سیگاری اجرا شد. طرح پژوهش کارآزمایی تصادفی کنترل‌شده با پیش آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری‌های یکماهه و دوماهه بود. جامعه پژوهش کلیه مردان سیگاری در تابستان سال 1395 در شهر گرگان بودند. تعداد 60 نفر افراد سیگاری واجد شرایط تعیین و به‌گونه تصادفی به گروه آزمایش و گروه کنترل گمارده شدند. پرسشنامه سنجش وابستگی به سیگار (فاگرستروم) و تکالیف سنجش شناخت‌های ناآشکار (تکلیف گرایش-اجتناب، سنجش سوگیری توجه و تکلیف تداعی ضمنی) بر روی افراد هر دو گروه اجرا شد. سپس به گروه آزمایشی تکالیف مربوط به بازآموزی شناخت‌های ناآشکار (تکلیف بازآموزی گرایش- اجتناب و اصلاح سوگیری توجه) در طی 10 جلسه آموزش داده شد، درحالیکه گروه کنترل تنها مداخله‌هایی دارونما دریافت کردند. نتایج آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری تفاوت‌های معنی‌داری بین دو گروه در میانگین نمره‌های وابستگی به سیگار (فاگرستروم) و نیز تکالیف گرایش-اجتناب و سوگیری توجه در پس‌آزمون، پیگیری یکماهه و دوماهه نشان داد، اما در تداعی ناآشکار تفاوتی ایجاد نشد. مداخله درمانی اصلاح سوگیری‌های شناختی از طریق تاثیر بر اصلاح شناخت‌های ناآشکار گرایش- اجتناب و اصلاح سوگیری توجه افراد سیگاری منجر به کاهش وابستگی به سیگار در بزرگسالان سیگاری می‌گردد و می‌توان از این مداخله در برنامه‌های ترک سیگار به گونه موثر بهره جست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Therapeutic Intervention of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) on Cigarette Dependency

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Sadegh Montazeri 1
  • Shahrokh Makvand Hoseini 1
  • Imanollah Bigdeli 2
  • Parviz Sabahi 1

2 Fersodi Univeresity

چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of Cognitive Bias Modification (Attention and Approach Bias to Cigarette)to reduce the cigarette dependence in smokers. A randomized control group design, with pretest-posttest and two follow-ups, was applied. The study population included all of the male smokers in the Summer of 2016 in Gorgan city. A number of 60 eligible adult smokers were selected according to a specific inclusion and exclusion criteria of the research and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. For assessing the variables, the Tasks for Assessment Implicit Cognitions (Approach-Avoidance Task, Attentional-Bias Assessment, and Implicit-Association Task), and, the Fagerstrom Questionnaire for Assessment of Cigarette Dependence were administered to the two groups. The experimental group then received 10 sessions (twice weekly) of training in Implicit Cognitions (Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) and Attentional-Bias Modification (ABM), whereas the control group (placebo) received an intervention-like activity. A Multivariate Analysis of Covariance showed significant differences between the two groups in Fagerstrom, Questionnaire, the Approach-Avoidance Task and the Attention-Bias Modification, in posttest and two follow up stages. However, there was not a significant difference in the Implicit-Association Task between groups. It could be concluded that the Cognitive-Bias Modification effectively reduces the cigarette dependency in adults, through modification of Approach-Avoidance Task and Attentional-Bias Assessment, which is highly recommended for smoking cessation interventions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Smoking cessation
  • cognitive-bias modification
  • Approach-avoidance task
  • attentional-bias modification
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