Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1 Faculty member, Faculty of Education, Science and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Master of Psychology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the fitness of structural model of the relationship between religious attitudes and optimism with mental and physical health. The sample consisited of 402 Shahid Chamran University students, studying in the academic year of 2001-2002. The sample was selected randomly. The measurements were Arian Religiousness Scale, Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Symptoms Checklist- 25 Scale and Physical Health Scale. The results of this research indicate that religious attitudes predict optimism, optimism predicts mental health and mental health predicts physical health. Also, religious attitudes predict mental and physical health indirectly and optimism predicts physical health indirectly.
This study was conducted to investigate the fitness of structural model of the relationship between religious attitudes and optimism with mental and physical health. The sample consisited of 402 Shahid Chamran University students, studying in the academic year of 2001-2002. The sample was selected randomly. The measurements were Arian Religiousness Scale, Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Symptoms Checklist- 25 Scale and Physical Health Scale. The results of this research indicate that religious attitudes predict optimism, optimism predicts mental health and mental health predicts physical health. Also, religious attitudes predict mental and physical health indirectly and optimism predicts physical health indirectly.
Keywords
Hooker, K., Monahan, D., Shifren, K., & Hutchinson, C. (1992). Mental and physical health of spouse caregiver: The role of personality. Psychology and Aging, 7 (3), 367-375.
Mattis, i. S., Fontenot, D. L., & Hatcher-Kay, C. A. (2003). Religiosity, racism, and dispositional optimism among African Americans. Personality and Individual Differences, 34 (6), 1025-1038.
McCollough, M. E., Hoyt, W. T., Larson, D, B., Koenig, H. G., & Thoresen, C. (2000). Religious involvement and mortality: A meta-analytic review. Health Psychology, 19 (3), 211-222.
Peterson, C. (2000). The future of optimism. American Psychologist, 55 (1),
44-55.
Rasul, F., Stansfeld, S. A., Hart, C. L., Gillis, D., & Smith, G. D. (2002). Common mental disorder and physical illness in the Renfrew and Paisley study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53 (6), 1163-1170.
Segerstrom, S. C., Taylor, S., Kemeny, M. E., & Fathey. J. L. (1998). Optimism is associated with mood, coping, and immune change in response to stress. Journal of Personally and Socwl Psychology, 74 (6),
1646-55.
Seligman, M. E. P. & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. American Psychologist, 55 (1), 5-14.
Sethi, S. & Seligman, M. E. P. (1993). Optimism and fundamentalism. Psychological Science, 4 (4), 256-259.
Taylor, S. E., Kemeny, M. E., Reed, G. M., Bower, J. E., & Gruenewald, T. L. (2000). Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health. American Psychologist, 55 (1), 99-109.
Treadway, K. M. (July, 1996). Religion and optimism: models of the relationship. The Student Journal of Psychology.
Williams, D. G. (1992). Dispositional optimism, neuroticism, and extraversion. Personality and Individual Dfferences, 13 (4), 475-7.
Hooker, K., Monahan, D., Shifren, K., & Hutchinson, C. (1992). Mental and physical health of spouse caregiver: The role of personality. Psychology and Aging, 7 (3), 367-375.
Mattis, i. S., Fontenot, D. L., & Hatcher-Kay, C. A. (2003). Religiosity, racism, and dispositional optimism among African Americans. Personality and Individual Differences, 34 (6), 1025-1038.
McCollough, M. E., Hoyt, W. T., Larson, D, B., Koenig, H. G., & Thoresen, C. (2000). Religious involvement and mortality: A meta-analytic review. Health Psychology, 19 (3), 211-222.
Peterson, C. (2000). The future of optimism. American Psychologist, 55 (1),
44-55.
Rasul, F., Stansfeld, S. A., Hart, C. L., Gillis, D., & Smith, G. D. (2002). Common mental disorder and physical illness in the Renfrew and Paisley study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53 (6), 1163-1170.
Segerstrom, S. C., Taylor, S., Kemeny, M. E., & Fathey. J. L. (1998). Optimism is associated with mood, coping, and immune change in response to stress. Journal of Personally and Socwl Psychology, 74 (6),
1646-55.
Seligman, M. E. P. & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology. American Psychologist, 55 (1), 5-14.
Sethi, S. & Seligman, M. E. P. (1993). Optimism and fundamentalism. Psychological Science, 4 (4), 256-259.
Taylor, S. E., Kemeny, M. E., Reed, G. M., Bower, J. E., & Gruenewald, T. L. (2000). Psychological resources, positive illusions, and health. American Psychologist, 55 (1), 99-109.
Treadway, K. M. (July, 1996). Religion and optimism: models of the relationship. The Student Journal of Psychology.
Williams, D. G. (1992). Dispositional optimism, neuroticism, and extraversion. Personality and Individual Dfferences, 13 (4), 475-7.