نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
عضو هیات علمی دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر از دو بخش همه‌گیرشناسی و ترک سیگار تشکیل شده است. ابتدا میزان شیوع استعمال سیگار در کارکنان ادارات دولتی بررسی شد و سپس اثربخشی چند روش ترک سیگار مورد مقایسه و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. روش تحقیق مرحله اول، میدانی و مرحله دوم، آزمایشی میدانی بود. جمعیت پژوهشی، کارکنان ادارات و سازمانهای غیرصنعتی دولتی شهر اهواز بود. در این پژوهش از دو نمونه همه‌گیرشناسی و نمونه ترک استفاده شده است. نمونه همه‌گیرشناسی شامل 1334 نفر (1089 مرد و 245 زن) بود که از بین 26 اداره دولتی به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. نمونه دوم شامل 135 آزمودنی بود که از بین داوطلبان ترک سیگار، انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در یکی از 5 گروه آزمایشی و گواه گمارده شدند. این گروهها عبارتند از: 1) رفتاری، 2) رفتاری- آموزشی، 3) رفتاری- دارویی، 4) دارونما و 5) فهرست انتظار. در این تحقیق سه متغیر سن، سالهای مصرف سیگارو هیجان خواهی کنترل شدند. ابزارهای مورد استفاده شامل یک پرسشنامه حاوی سؤالات همه‌گیرشناسی و مقیاس هیجان خواهی آرنت (1994) بودند. آزمودنیها در سه مرحله پیش آزمون، پس آزمون و پیگیری یکماهه، از لحاظ تعداد مصرف روزانه سیگار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج مرحله همه‌گیرشناسی نشان داد که 23% کارکنان مرد و 2/1% کارکنان زن به طور متوسط روزی 9 نخ سیگار مصرف می‌کنند و میانگین سن شروع مصرف سیگار 9/20 سالگی است. نتایج مرحله ترک نشان داد که روش رفتاری تأثیر معنی‌داری در ترک سیگار نداشت، ولی روشهای رفتاری- آموزشی و رفتاری- دارویی تقریباً به یک اندازه باعث ترک سیگار شدند. متغیرهای سن، سالهای مصرف و هیجان خواهی نقش تعیین کننده‌ای در کاهش مصرف سیگار نداشتند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Epidemiology of Smoking in the Personnel of Ahvaz Government Organizations and Comparing the Efficacy of Behavioral, Behavioral-Instructional and Behavioral- Nicotine Replacement Methods in its Cessation
نویسندگان [English]
- Bahman Najarian
- Yadollah Zargar
- Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
- Jamal Haghighi
Member of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]
The present research was conducted in two phases. At the first stage, research was aimed at determining the epidemiology of smoking in Ahvaz government organizations’ personnel, and the second stage was launched to compare the efficacy of the following cessation methods:
Behavioral, behavioral- instructional and behavioral- nicotine gum. Research methods of the first and the second stages of this study were, respectively, field and experimental approaches. The target population of the tirst stage. consisted of male and female personnel of various government organizations of Ahvaz city. The epidemiology sample consisted of 1334 subjects randomly selected from 26 organizations. Cessation sample consisted of 135 male subjects randomly selected from smokers who volunteered for cessation. Subjects were assigned randomly to the experimental and control groups, forming the following five groups each consisting of 27 subjects: 1) Behavioral, 2) Behavioral- Instructional, 3) Behavioral- Nicotine Gum, 4) Placebo and 5) Waiting list. The epidemiological findings showed that 23% of male personnel and 1.2% of female personnel were smokers, and each one of them, on the average, smokes 9 cigarettes a day. Furthermore, the mean age for turning to smoking was 20.9 years. Data analysis of the cessation stage showed no significant difference between behavior therapy and placebo groups. Behavioral- instructional and behavioral- nicotine gum groups were more effective than behavioral, placebo and waiting list groups.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Smoking
- Behavioral
- Instructional
- Nicotine Gum. smoking cessation
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