نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده روانشناسی و تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

3 استاد، گروه طراحی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده روانشناسی و تربیتی، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران.

10.22055/psy.2024.46087.3218

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعه تجربه زیسته نوجوانان کمالگرا و تدوین بسته آموزشی رفتار درمانی دیالکتیک مبتنی بر تجارب زیسته نوجوانان از کمالگرایی و اثر بخشی آن بر خودکارآمدی نوجوانان کمالگرا انجام شده است. در بخش اول پژوهش از روش ترکیبی کیفی-کمی استفاده شده است. در مرحله اول پژوهش از روش کیفی- پدیدارشناسی استفاده شد. ابزار مورد استفاده در این مرحله، مصاحبه عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته بود. جامعه آماری شامل نوجوانان پسر دانش‌آموز متوسطه اول شهرستان فلاورجان در سال تحصیلی 1400 بود. 20 دانش‌آموز نوجوان پسر در محدوده سنی 13تا 16سال براساس غربالگری اولیه به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. نتایج شامل 6 مضمون اصلی، 13 مضمون فرعی (1) و 28 مضمون فرعی (2) بود. پس از آن نتایج حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها، در قالب یک بسته آموزشی به تایید متخصصان درآمد. روش مورد استفاده در بخش دوم کمی روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش آزمون - پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه پسران نوجوان در مقطع متوسطه شهر فلاورجان در سال 1400 بود. بسته آموزشی بر روی گروه آزمایش اجرا شد. ابزار مورد استفاده در مرحله دوم پژوهش، پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی موریس (2002) بود. داده‌ها به وسیله تحلیل کواریانس یک راهه و با نرم افزار spss22 تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل در متغیر خودکارآمدی و مولفه‌های آن افزایش معنادار در مرحله پس آزمون داشته‌اند (p0/05). در نتیجه، درمانگران می‌توانند برای بهبود خودکارآمدی، از بسته آموزشی رفتاردرمانی دیالکتیک مبتنی بر تجربه زیسته نوجوانان کمال‌گرا استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The lived experience of perfectionist teenagers and the development of a dialectical behavior therapy training package and its effectiveness on teenagers' self-efficacy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Ranjkesh 1
  • Kazem Barzegar Bafrooei 2
  • Ali Nazari 3
  • Mohammad Hossein Fallah 4

1 Ph.D. Student in Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.

4 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction
On the other hand, one of the psychological problems that affects people in adolescence and affects their mental health is perfectionism. Perfectionism, although it has been one of the most widely used psychological constructs in research over a century ago, but the field of perfectionism has not been sufficiently explored yet, and the category of teenagers' lived experiences of perfectionism as a qualitative part of this research is basically with the category of understanding. It is related and more than it is aimed at the problem or its solution, it seeks to understand the dimensions of perfectionism and its recognition in teenagers. Therefore, conducting this research is theoretically necessary. The current research was done with the goal of studying the lived experience of perfectionist teenagers and developing a dialectical behavioral therapy training package based on the lived experiences of teenagers of perfectionism and its effectiveness on the self-efficacy of perfectionist teenagers.
Method
A qualitative-quantitative combined method was used in this research. In the first stage of the research, a qualitative and phenomenological method was used. The used tool in this step was a semi-structured in-depth interview and the obtained data from a sample of 20 male adolescent students between the ages of 13 and 16 in Isfahan. The used method in the second quantitative part was a semi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all adolescent boys in the first secondary level of Flowerjan city (Isfahan) in 2021. In this way, 40 teenage boys were assigned in the form of cluster sampling according to the entry and exit selection criteria and were randomly assigned to two experimental and a control groups (each group include 20 people). To analyze the obtained data from the interview, the seven-step Colaizzi’s method was used.
Results
The results included 6 main themes (society-oriented perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, self-oriented perfectionism, well-being, relationships, leisure time), 13 sub-themes (1) and 28 sub-themes (2). After that, the obtained results of the interviews were compiled with the basics and techniques of dialectical behaviorism, and in the form of a training package was approved by income experts and approved with CVR: 0.90. Then it was performed on the experimental group in eight sessions of 90-minute. The used tool in this stage of the research was the self-efficacy questionnaire of Morris (2002). The data were analyzed at two descriptive levels (mean and standard deviation) and inferential level (one-way analysis of covariance) and using spss 22 software.
Discussion
the results of data analysis showed that the experimental group compared to the control group in the variable of self-efficacy and academic, social, and emotional components have had a significant increase in the post-test phase (p>0.05). According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that the characteristic of perfectionism can have an all-round effect on the lives of teenagers) and put their activities under the influence. We can use the dialectical behavior therapy training package based on the lived experience of perfectionist adolescents for improving self-efficacy and its components in adolescent boys. The results of this research can be used by counselors and psychologists.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dialectical behavior therapy
  • Lived experience
  • Perfectionism Self-efficacy
  • Teenagers