نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• اسماعیل رحمانی ¹
• سیروس قنبری ²

¹ دانشجوی دکترا مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

² استاد علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر رهبری سمی مدیران بر ایجاد ترومای سازمانی با توجه به نقش واسطه‌ای بدبینی سازمانی انجام گرفت. روش این پژوهش توصیفی-همبستگی بود. اعضای جامعه پژوهش شامل تمامی دبیران مدارس متوسطه اول و دوم استان خوزستان در سال 1399 به تعداد 16750 نفر بود که از این جامعه بر مبنای فرمول کوکران نمونه‌ای به حجم 407 نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش، پرسشنامه‌های رهبری سمی Schmidt، ترومای سازمانی Vivian and Hormann و بدبینی سازمانیDean et al.  را تکمیل نمودند. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل مسیر با استفاده از نرم‌افزارAMOS  و SPSS ویراست 22 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان دادند که الگوی پیشنهادی پژوهش از برازش خوبی با داده‌ها برخوردار است. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن بود که اثر مستقیم رهبری‌ سمی ‌مدیران بر ترومای سازمانی و بدبینی سازمانی مثبت و معنی‌دار است (05/0 < p). علاوه بر آن، اثر مستقیم بدبینی سازمانی به ترومای سازمانی نیز مثبت و معنی‌دار بود (05/0< p). نتایج مسیرهای غیرمستقیم نشان داد که رهبری‌ سمی مدیران از طریق بدبینی سازمانی بر ترومای سازمانی مدارس اثر مثبت و معنی‌دار دارد. لذا بسیار مهم است که مدیران مدارس رویکرد مدیریت عادلانه‌ای را اتخاذ کنند تا دبیران نگرش و رفتاری را در چارچوب بدبینی سازمانی از خود نشان ندهند و از بروز رفتارهای مخربی که سلامت روانی کارکنان را به خطر می‌اندازند، جلوگیری شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

• بدبینی سازمانی
• ترومای سازمانی
• رهبری سمی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Toxic Leadership of Managers on the Creation of Organizational Trauma: The Mediating Role of Organizational Cynicism in First and Second Secondary Schools’ Teachers in Khuzestan Province

نویسندگان [English]

• Esmail Rahmani ¹
• Siroos ghanbari ²

¹ Ph.D. Student in Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

² Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Toxic leadership is a style of leadership in which leaders, due to their negative behavior and detrimental personal characteristics, inflict long-lasting and serious harm directly on their followers and indirectly on their organizations. The interpersonal style of the leader, thus, has implications for formulating the organizational culture, both when it is positive and when it is negative (Mehta & Maheshwari, 2014). Trauma after a life-threatening event can lead to exhaustion and serious damage to an individual's ability to interact positively with others in the organizational community. Toxic leader behaviors and toxic interactions can lead to physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of toxic leadership by managers on the creation of organizational trauma with regard to the mediating role of organizational pessimism.
 
Method
This correlational study was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation. The study population was all first and second secondary schools teachers in Khuzestan province in 2020 (N = 16750). Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size (alpha= 0.048; error value= 0.05 and P & O ratio = 0.5). Therefore, the sample size was 407. The questionnaires were used to collect data Schmidt Toxic Leadership Questionnaire (2008), Dean et al. Organizational Cynicism Questionnaire (1998), and Vivian and Hormann Organizational Trauma Questionnaire (2015).
 
Results
Toxic leadership by managers had a positive and significant effect (0.81) on organizational cynicism at the level of P <0.05. Toxic leadership by Principals had a positive and significant effect (0.16) on school organizational trauma at the level of P <0.05. Organizational Cynicism had a positive and significant effect (0.79) on school organizational trauma at the level of P <0.05. Toxic leadership by Principals due to Organizational Cynicism had an indirect, positive and significant effect (0.63) on school organizational trauma at the level of P <0.05.
 
Discussion
Toxic leaders exhibit highly destructive behaviors and some dysfunctional personal characteristics. Through poisoning, these behaviors and personality traits cause serious and lasting damage to their followers and organizations. And with selfish behaviors, harming others and reinforcing and pursuing personal goals, willingly or unwillingly, will also have negative effects. Considering that Toxic leadership has a direct and positive effect on the creation of organizational trauma in schools, in the meantime, teachers' cynicism and mistrust will intensify this relationship and create a school where everyone is hopeless and mistrustful of each other, and trauma and Lack of organizational health will prevail in the whole school. It is very important for school administrators to adopt a fair management approach so that teachers do not show attitudes and behaviors in the framework of organizational pessimism. Also, correcting the non-functional behaviors of managers as behavioral patterns in schools can prevent the occurrence of destructive behaviors that endanger the mental health of employees.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Organizational cynicism
• Organizational trauma
• Toxic leadership