نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• محمد حسین دهقانی ¹
• سالار فرامرزی ²
• خسرو رمضانی ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد یاسوج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یاسوج، ایران.

² استاد گروه روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان با نیازهای خاص، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی. دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

³ گروه آموزشی روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، موسسه آموزش عالی زند شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه بسته آموزشی والدگری کودکان با اختلال‌های یادگیری خاص مبتنی بر تجربه زیسته والدین و آموزش والدگری بارکلی بر تاب‌آوری روانی، سازگاری اجتماعی و عملکرد تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان بود. روش پژوهش نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با دو گروه آزمایش و گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل دو گروه که در بخش کیفی شامل کلیه والدین دارای کودک با اختلال‌های یادگیری خاص و بخش کمی شامل کلیه مادران دارای دانش‌آموز اختلال یادگیری خاص شهر آباده بود. با 10 نفر از والدین، مصاحبه‌ها در حد اشباع قرار گرفت. جهت انتخاب افراد برای مصاحبه از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد. بر این اساس 45 نفر از مادران دارای دانش‌آموز اختلال یادگیری خاص انتخاب، و به صورت تصادفی 15 نفر در گروه آزمایش (بسته آموزشی والدگری)، 15 نفر در گروه آزمایش (آموزش والدگری بارکلی)، و 15 نفر در گروه گواه قرار گرفتند. بسته آموزش والدگری محقق ساخته برای والدین گروه آزمایش اول(در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای) و آموزش والدگری بارکلی(در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای) اجراء شد. ابزارهای اندازه‌گیری شامل پرسشنامه تاب‌آوری روانی کانر–دیویدسون(2003)، پرسشنامه سازگاری اجتماعی بل(1961)، پرسشنامه عملکرد تحصیلی فام و تیلور(1999) بود. به منظور تحلیل استنباطی داده‌ها از روش‌های آماری تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره و تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، تفاوت معناداری بین میزان تاثیرگذاری دو روش بسته آموزشی والدگری محقق ساخته و آموزش والدگری بارکلی بر سازگاری اجتماعی و عملکرد تحصیلی در بین مادران دارای کودک با اختلال‌های یادگیری خاص نشان داد،

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اختلال یادگیری
• آموزش والدگری بارکلی
• تاب‌آوری روانی
• سازگاری اجتماعی
• عملکرد تحصیلی

موضوعات

• روان‌شناسی کودکان استثنایی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing a parenting training package for children with special learning disorders based on parents' lived experience and comparing its effect with Barclay's parenting training on parents' psychological well-being and psychological resilience, soci

نویسندگان [English]

• Dehghani Mohamad Hossein ¹
• Salar Faramarzi ²
• Khosro Ramezani ³

¹ PhD. Student, Department of Psychology, Yasuj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasuj, Iran.

² Professor in Department of Psychology and Education of Children with Special Needs, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

³ Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Zand Shiraz Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Specific learning disorders are one of the most common learning problems of students in elementary school, which psychologically have an adverse effect on these children. Specific learning disorders are a type of chronic problem with a neurological and developmental basis that generally starts in the early stages of development, i.e. before school age, and continues until adulthood if not properly addressed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of a parenting training package for children with specific learning disorders based on the lived experience of parents and to compare its effect with Barclay's parenting training on the psychological well-being of parents, psychological resilience, social adjustment, and academic performance of students.

Method
The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of the present study included two groups, in the qualitative part including all parents of children with special learning disorders and in the quantitative part including all mothers of students with special learning disorders in Abadeh city. For the qualitative part of the research, the interviews were continued until the theoretical saturation of information, and the interviews with 10 parents were at saturation level. Purposive sampling method was used to select people for interview. In the implementation of the research, sampling was done as available. Based on this, 45 mothers with special learning disorder students were selected, and 15 were randomly assigned to the experimental group (parenting training package), 15 to the experimental group (Barclay's parenting training), and 15 to the control group. The parenting training package created by the researcher was implemented for the parents of the first experimental group (in8 sessions of 90 minutes) and Barclay's parenting training (in 8 sessions of 90 minutes). The measurement tools included Riff's psychological well-being questionnaire (2002), Connor-Davidson psychological resilience questionnaire (2003), Bell's social adjustment questionnaire (1961), Pham and Taylor's academic performance questionnaire (1999). To inferential analysis of the data, the statistical methods of multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were used.

Results
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the impact of the two parenting training methods developed by the researcher and Barclay's parenting training on social adjustment and academic performance among mothers with children with specific learning disorders, while there was a significant difference between the impact of the two mentioned methods on mental well-being and there was no significant difference in mental resilience.

Discussion
Parenting training package and Barkley parenting training had a significant effect on improving psychological well-being, psychological resilience, social adjustment, and academic performance among mothers with children with specific learning disabilities. The discussion about comparing the effectiveness of parenting training package and Barclay parenting training on mental resilience, social adaptation, and academic performance among mothers with children with special learning disorders showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of the two parenting training package methods. Barclay's parenting training influenced social adaptation and academic performance among mothers with children with specific learning disabilities, while there is no significant difference between the two mentioned methods on psychological resilience. Based on the results of the follow-up test, the parenting training package developed by the researcher had a greater impact on improving social adaptation and academic performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Learning disorder
• Barclay's parenting training
• psychological resilience
• social adjustment
• academic performance