نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان
2 دانشجو دکتری روانشناسی بالینی،دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران
چکیده
این مطالعه باهدف مرور منظم و فراتحلیل مطالعات انجام شده در مورد رابطه بین والدگری هلیکوپتری و خودکارآمدی میباشد. روش: این یک مطالعه مرور منظم و فراتحلیل است. . کیفیت مطالعات وارد شده در مرور منظم با استفاده از چکلیست مؤسسه جوانا بریتز ارزیابی شد. برای انجام فراتحلیل، از روش اثر تصادفی و مدل حداکثر درستنمایی مقید در نرمافزار STATA-17 استفاده شد.14 مطالعه با حجم نمونه 6286 نفر وارد تحلیل نهایی شدند. اندازه اثر کل ES=-0.201 به دست آمد. نشان میدهد که به طور متوسط، افرادی که والدین با سبک پرورشی هلیکوپتری داشتهاند، سطح خودکارآمدی حدود 0.2 واحد استاندارد کمتر از افرادی با والدین غیر هلیکوپتری داشتهاند. فاصله اطمینان اندازه اثر کل با روش نپ هارتونگ تعدیل شد و در بازه 0.34- تا 0.07- قرار گرفت که نشاندهنده معناداری محافظهکارانه این نتیجه دارد. فاصله پیشبینی (PI) 95 درصدی برای رابطه بین دو متغیر در مطالعات بعدی، 0.708 - تا 0.298 محاسبه شد.شاخص I2 برای مطالعات وارد شده مقدار 95 درصد را نشان میدهد که این ناهمگونی میتواند به علت نوع ابزارهای اندازهگیری شده روششناسی مطالعات و سایر عوامل باشد.برای بررسی سوگیری انتشار از آزمون رگرسیون ایگر و آزمون ناپارمتریک بگ و مزودورا (P> 0.05) که معنیدار نبود و سوگیری قابلتوجه را نشان نمیدهد. نتایج این فراتحلیل نشان داد طور متوسط افرادی که پدر و یا مادر با والدگری هلیکوپتری بالا داشتهاند خودکارآمدی پایینتری دارند. باتوجهبه ناهمگونی قابلتوجه تعمیمیافته بااحتیاط باید صورت گیرد و مطالعات بعدی به تعدیلکنندههای مانند جنسیت والدین، جنسیت افراد، فرهنگ توجه کنند
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Relationship Between Helicopter Parenting and Self-Efficacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
نویسندگان [English]
- aliasghar divsar 1
- alireza pezhman 2
1 Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman
2 Ph.D. Student in Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychology Dept., Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing research examining the relationship between helicopter parenting and self-efficacy. Helicopter parenting, characterized by excessive parental involvement and control, has gained attention for its potential impact on young adults' development. Self-efficacy, an individual's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations, is crucial for personal growth and achievement.
A comprehensive search of PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted using relevant keywords from 1990 to July 2024. Studies were included if they directly investigated the relationship between helicopter parenting and self-efficacy. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, ensuring a rigorous evaluation of the evidence base. A random-effects model with maximum likelihood estimation was employed in STATA-17 to conduct the meta-analysis.
Fourteen studies with a combined sample size of 6,286 participants were included in the final analysis. The overall effect size (ES) was -0.201, indicating that individuals with helicopter parents had significantly lower levels of self-efficacy compared to those with non-helicopter parents. The 95% confidence interval, adjusted using the Hartung-Knapp method, further supported this finding. The 95% prediction interval for the relationship between the two variables in future studies was estimated to be between -0.708 and -0.298, suggesting a consistent negative association across different contexts.
High heterogeneity (I² = 95%) among studies was observed, which could be attributed to differences in measurement tools, methodologies, and other factors. This heterogeneity underscores the complex nature of the relationship between helicopter parenting and self-efficacy, and the potential influence of various contextual factors. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression and the Begg and Mazumdar test, and no significant bias was detected, enhancing the reliability of the findings.
The results of this meta-analysis consistently demonstrate a negative association between helicopter parenting and self-efficacy. However, given the substantial heterogeneity, generalizations should be made with caution. Future research should investigate potential moderators, such as parental gender, child gender, and cultural factors, to provide a more nuanced understanding of this relationship.
Considering the average age of participants in the included studies and the long-term consequences of self-efficacy, this study offers valuable insights for academics, policymakers, and university counseling centers. These findings can inform the development of targeted interventions aimed at enhancing students' self-efficacy and promoting healthy parent-child relationships during the transition to adulthood. By addressing the potential negative impacts of helicopter parenting, such interventions could contribute to improved psychological well-being and academic success among young adults.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- helicopter parenting
- self-efficacy
- meta-analysis