Psychological Achievements

Abstract This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of hardiness and its components -commitment, control, and challenge- with mental health in 250 students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Hardiness and its components are considered as the predictive variables, while mental health serves as the criterion variable. The scales used consisted of the Hardiness Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Analysis of the data yielded statistically significant simple correlation coefficients between the predictive variables and the criterion variable. The results of a regression analysis showed that linear combination of the predictive variables increased the size of correlation with mental health. Moreover, the results indicated that commitment is the best predictor of mental health.

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship of job satistaction and job performance as it is moderated by self-esteem of employees. The sample consisted of 149 (148 male and 1 female) employees of the irrigation system of Karkheh and Shavoor of Ahvaz. The hypotheses tested in this study are: 1. In low seif-esif-esteem employees, there is a positive relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. 2. In high self-esteem employees, there is no relationship between job satisfaction and job performance.
Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses in the two subsamples of workers and engineer-managers. Results indicate that in both groups of workers and engineer-managers with high Self-esteem, there is no significant correlation between job satisfaction and job performance. In low self-esteem workers, there is a significant positive correlation, but in low self-esteem engineers and managers, such a correletion is not found.
 

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between stress, hardiness,: (Challenge, Commitment and Control) as a resistance reso9rce against stress and immune system. Two groups of male and female medical students of Shahid Beheshti and Tehran Universities constituted the sample of this research. One group had a stressful final exam, but the other one didn’t have it. Subjects who suffered from disorders that affected the immune system were excluded. Eventually, the exam group consisted of 147 and the non-exam group of 155 subjects. The level of their hardiness was measured by Personal View Survey (Maddi, 1992). Then 10 subjects with high hardiness and 10 with low hardiness were selected randomly from each group. Peripheral blood was drawn just before the exam. For the non-exam group, blood was drawn at the same time. Number of T-helper cells (CD4), T-Suppressor Cytotoxic cells (CD8), Immunoglobulin M (1gM) and, Cortisol were measured. The results revealed that, there was a positive relationship between hardiness and and 1gM. Also commitment proved to have a positive relationship with CD4 and CD4• There was a positive relationship between control and Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the exam & non-exam groups in Cortisol Level. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the high and low hardiness subjects in CD4 and 1gM. The interaction of hardiness and stress was significant for 1gM and Cortisol. Hardiness served as a source of resistance in the relationship between stress, 1gM and Cortisol. Commitment had a more significant role in hardiness than challenge and control.

Abstract This study was launched to construct a scale for the measurement of perfecticinism. Using factor analyis, a scale entitled Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale (APS) was constructed, and its test-retest and internal consistency reliability coefficients were found to be statistically significant: Coopersmith Self-Esteem Scale, Type A Questionnaire (TAQ; a scale tapping type A behavioral pattern) and physical complaints subscale of SCL9O-R. The results sho that female subjects score significantly higher than male subjects on APS. According to the present findings, APS appears to be a reliable and valid instrument which could be widely used in the future psychological studies and research projects.

Abstract This research project examined the relationship between vocational interests, values and attitude regarding educational performance in teachers of high schools and preuniversity schools of theoretical branches in city of Dezful. In the this study vocational interests, values and attitude were considered as predictive variables. While educational performance served as criterion variable. In this study, 220 teachers of high schools and preuniversity level (100 females and 120 males) were randomly selected. The instruments used in this research consisted of Halland Interest Inventory, Study of Values from Ailport et. al., and Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory. The methods of analysis of the data included simple correlation and multiple correlation. The statistical analysis of data resulted in statistically significant correlation between artistic interest and educational performance was positive in female teachers. The correlation between economic value and educational performance in female subjects was negative and statistically significant. The correlation between social value and educational performance was positive in female teachers but negative in male teachers. No statistically significant correlations were found between other vocational interets, values and attitude with educational performance. The result of multiple regression showed that the multiple correlation coefficient between predictive variables and criterion variable were greater than simple correlition between each of predictive variables and criterion variable. In this study the significance level of the statistic tests was P=0.05.

Abstract This paper is mainly concentrated on the Alfred Schuetz perspective of phenomenology, which itself is affected by the symbolic interaction theory. Noadays, as a result of the scientific integration and interdisciplenary approach, the abstract sociological attitudes of the Continental Europe, tend to be combined and integrated with the more empirical orientation of the Anglo-Saxon view in social science. The present paper is a clear outcome of this synthetic approach. The main aim of this discussion is to explore the more or less marginalized life of children, through employing the social laws extracted from the formal phenomenological shapes of their actions. The survey is be based on the four-fold Weberian actions, and emotion.

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