Marziyeh Firouzeh; ساره Ehsani; Majid Barzegar; Morteza Moradi Doliskani
Abstract
IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors ...
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IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors into three categories: 1- severe self-injurious behaviors that are observed in mental patients and because of which a person causes serious damage to his own body tissue, such as cutting off a limb from the body. 2- stereotyped (involuntary) self-harming behaviors that are observed in mentally retarded, autism or Tourette syndrome. In such a situation, the person involuntarily and repeatedly hits himself (such as banging his head against the wall). 3- Self-harm behaviors are the most common type and are done under the influence of fashion or other factors: such as scratching and cutting the skin, picking wounds., nail biting, cosmetic surgery, and skin carving. One of the most common problems among teenagers today is self-injurious behavior, which is found to a large extent in all cultures. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the coefficient of difficulty, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-harm. MethodThe research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all female students of the second secondary level of Bushehr 2019-2020 academic year who had a history of self-injury. And the sample size includes 40 people, 20 people were randomly placed and selected in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group. The experimental group underwent dialectical behavior therapy intervention, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were self-injurious behavior questionnaire (Sanson et al., 1998), response to difficulty profile (Stoltz, 1997), Miller Hope Scale (1986) and emotional processing questionnaire (Baker et al., 2010). ResultsThe results showed that the intervention has increased the difficulty coefficient, life expectancy and reduced maladaptive emotional processing in adolescents (p<0.05). Also, the research findings indicated that dialectical behavior therapy is an effective method in emotional processing (p<0.001). It shows the results of univariate analysis of covariance to investigate the effect of the independent variable on each of the dependent variables. The F value obtained for all dependent variables is significant at the P<0.05 level; Therefore, it can be said that dialectical behavior therapy influences emotional processing variables, difficulty coefficient and life expectancy.DiscussionAccording to the results of the research, this intervention can be used to improve the difficulty factor, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-injury, along with other therapeutic interventions. Also, the focus of dialectical behavior therapy on mindfulness, which is done to observe and describe events non-judgmentally, and awareness and alertness focused on the present moment, leads to the natural development of distress tolerance, and the person learns to deal with emotions without evaluating and trying to change or control them and without arousal. or experience distress and thereby learned the skill of coping with adverse events, which leads to an increase in the level of difficulty in facing adverse and stimulating life events.
Neda Sayfipour Omshi; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
IntroductionIn recent years, people around the world have been exposed to the Coronavirus and its aftermath. It seems that paying attention to Corona is important from a psychological point of view, despite quarantine and social distance, observing double hygiene, using masks and health advice, and changing ...
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IntroductionIn recent years, people around the world have been exposed to the Coronavirus and its aftermath. It seems that paying attention to Corona is important from a psychological point of view, despite quarantine and social distance, observing double hygiene, using masks and health advice, and changing people's lifestyles in general. More than two years after the outbreak of the Coronavirus and the infection and death of many people around the world as a result of the virus, a wave of psychological pressure has swept through communities. Corona anxiety seems to be one of the most common problems and challenges in societies after the occurrence and spread of corona. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy and distress tolerance in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety. MethodThis is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The statistical population consists of adults aged 20 to 45 years who answered the questionnaires electronically in cyberspace (by sharing the questionnaire link in WhatsApp and Telegram groups). From these individuals, 291 samples were selected using the existing method for the structural model. The time of the research was September 2021. Instruments were Snyder's 12-item life expectancy questionnaire, the 18-item Corona Anxiety Scale, the 15-item Simmons and Gahr Distress Scale, and the 17-item Scherer General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson torque correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling technique with SPSS version 24 and AMOS software. Bootstrap analysis based on Macro Preacher and Hayes (2008) was also used to test the significance of indirect paths. ResultsThe results showed that the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety in individuals was significant. Mediator analyzes showed that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety. While the mediating role of distress tolerance in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety was not significant in individuals and this means that distress tolerance does not mediating role in the relationship between these two variables and distress tolerance cannot change the relationship between corona anxiety and life expectancy. ConclusionBased on the results of the present study, it seems that self-efficacy can reduce corona anxiety by affecting life expectancy because this study showed that although increasing corona anxiety does not change life expectancy; however, life expectancy improves with increased self-efficacy despite increased corona anxiety. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that distress tolerance does not play a role in corona anxiety and life expectancy, which means that increasing or decreasing distress tolerance does not change the relationship between corona anxiety and life expectancy.
