Marziyeh Firouzeh; ساره Ehsani; Majid Barzegar; Morteza Moradi Doliskani
Abstract
IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors ...
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IntroductionAdolescence is an important period of human development that is associated with neurological, hormonal, physiological and social changes. During this period, teenagers cope with many stressful factors. Self-injurious behaviors appear in different ways. He has divided self-injurious behaviors into three categories: 1- severe self-injurious behaviors that are observed in mental patients and because of which a person causes serious damage to his own body tissue, such as cutting off a limb from the body. 2- stereotyped (involuntary) self-harming behaviors that are observed in mentally retarded, autism or Tourette syndrome. In such a situation, the person involuntarily and repeatedly hits himself (such as banging his head against the wall). 3- Self-harm behaviors are the most common type and are done under the influence of fashion or other factors: such as scratching and cutting the skin, picking wounds., nail biting, cosmetic surgery, and skin carving. One of the most common problems among teenagers today is self-injurious behavior, which is found to a large extent in all cultures. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the coefficient of difficulty, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-harm. MethodThe research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the research included all female students of the second secondary level of Bushehr 2019-2020 academic year who had a history of self-injury. And the sample size includes 40 people, 20 people were randomly placed and selected in the experimental group and 20 people in the control group. The experimental group underwent dialectical behavior therapy intervention, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were self-injurious behavior questionnaire (Sanson et al., 1998), response to difficulty profile (Stoltz, 1997), Miller Hope Scale (1986) and emotional processing questionnaire (Baker et al., 2010). ResultsThe results showed that the intervention has increased the difficulty coefficient, life expectancy and reduced maladaptive emotional processing in adolescents (p<0.05). Also, the research findings indicated that dialectical behavior therapy is an effective method in emotional processing (p<0.001). It shows the results of univariate analysis of covariance to investigate the effect of the independent variable on each of the dependent variables. The F value obtained for all dependent variables is significant at the P<0.05 level; Therefore, it can be said that dialectical behavior therapy influences emotional processing variables, difficulty coefficient and life expectancy.DiscussionAccording to the results of the research, this intervention can be used to improve the difficulty factor, life expectancy and emotional processing of adolescents with self-injury, along with other therapeutic interventions. Also, the focus of dialectical behavior therapy on mindfulness, which is done to observe and describe events non-judgmentally, and awareness and alertness focused on the present moment, leads to the natural development of distress tolerance, and the person learns to deal with emotions without evaluating and trying to change or control them and without arousal. or experience distress and thereby learned the skill of coping with adverse events, which leads to an increase in the level of difficulty in facing adverse and stimulating life events.
Bahram Peymannia; Najmeh hamid; Majid Mhmudalilu
Abstract
Intoduction Researches has recently provided convincing evidence about diagnosing borderline personality disorder in youth. Therefore National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) acknowledged the diagnosis of borderline personality in individuals under 18 years old and if necessary supports treatment ...
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Intoduction Researches has recently provided convincing evidence about diagnosing borderline personality disorder in youth. Therefore National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) acknowledged the diagnosis of borderline personality in individuals under 18 years old and if necessary supports treatment and early intervention in this age group. ACT matrix is an approach based on route selection and upgrading the ability of individuals to approach valuable goals, despite the problems in life. Therefore, in the matrix model getting viewpoints of clients considered as the basis of treatment and by examining actions of getting away and getting close to values and compassion in commitment and change strategies helps them achieve a live, purposeful and meaningful life. In fact mindfulness due to taking viewpoints provides context for getting compassion and mindfulness. Mindfulness and compassion are two wings of a bird that both play effective role in inspiring for man, their transition and also individual evolution to fly. Overall, on the one hand according to evidence-based researches about effectiveness of ACT with compassion treatment on a wide range of borderline personality disorder symptoms and on the other hand lack of this kind of researches in Iran, this question arises that whether ACT with compassion is effective on self-injury behaviors and quality of life of female students with symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Method Present study is an experimental design by using pre and posttest with a control group. Therapeutic intervention in experimental group implemented 16 sixty minute sessions weekly for female students between 15-17 years old who have Borderline personality symptoms. During this time participants in experimental and control group responded to Self-Injury behavior Scale of Klonsky and Glenn (2009) and Quality of Life Index of Cummins (2002), before and after intervention and in follow-up (8 weeks after the end of intervention). Results The findings of covariance analysis showed that ACT matrix with Compassion has significantly reduced symptoms of self-injury and improved quality of life. Eta coefficient shows that ACT with Compassion therapy explain 47% of self-injury behaviors and 46% of life quality and these results has been maintained in follow-up stage. Discussion The results of this study showed that despite the cultural and social differences between the present research group and the groups studied in other societies and cultures, ACT matrix with Compassion therapy has significantly reduced symptoms of self- injury and improved quality of life in teenagers with symptoms of borderline personality disorder. This approach seeks to teach teens how to break up from thought content by taking viewpoints, instead of stuck the past and conceptualizing on future live sort their life story, recognizing values and important individuals of their lives and ultimately taking step to achieve these goals and values without getting stuck in trap of their attention and with compassion for themselves and others.
