Educational Psychology
moslem amiri; Javad Mesrabadi; Abolfazl Farid; Siavash Sheikhalizadeh
Abstract
IntroductionBehavioral problems can be investigated in different areas of communication and each of the behavioral challenges in this of fields shows that it is necessary for psychological programs and interventions to pay attention to the optimal management of individual behavior in order to prevent ...
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IntroductionBehavioral problems can be investigated in different areas of communication and each of the behavioral challenges in this of fields shows that it is necessary for psychological programs and interventions to pay attention to the optimal management of individual behavior in order to prevent and reduce existing harms. Therefore the aim of this study was to identify the effective domains of educational-therapeutic interventions based on choice theory on the management of individual behavior in previous studies and based on a systematic review.MethodSearch for research records was done using numerous internal electronic databases, using the keywords: choice theory, william glasser, reality therapy, group reality therapy, quality school or quality schools, glasser school or glasser schools, lead management, peaceful parenting, parenting based on choice theory and psychology of internal control. After extraction, the content of the articles was qualitatively evaluated with the PRISMA checklist and content analysis method was used to review the data. After searching and evaluating the studies, the final analysis was performed on 53 studies with 62 variables.ResultsResults showed that effective domains of educational-therapeutic interventions based on choice theory fall into 5 categories: emotional-mood disorders, destructive behavioral disorders, procrastination, interpersonal relationships and individual and social skills. Most of the primary researches conducted in this research in the field of behavior management from the perspective of selection theory, respectively, include the field of personal and social skills with 16 studies, the field of interpersonal relations with 15 studies, the field of emotional-mood disorders with 15 studies, and the field of destructive behavioral disorders. with 10 researches, and the field of meditation with 6 researches.DiscussionIn the general explanation of the findings, it can be said that the selection theory is regulated in such a way that it is useful and usable for therapists, counselors, teachers, trainers and other people involved in education and guidance people. Based on the teachings of this theory, people realize that acting on new, effective and responsible choices enables them to discover and experience a life full of healthy and harmless creativity. The results of this study can be used as a summary to clarify as much as possible the effective domains of choice theory on the management of individual behavior and a comprehensive map for conducting studies more coherently and with better quality for researchers in provide future research.In fact, the findings of the present study can be a summary of the studies done and these classes were considered as the result of re-analysis of the data with a different perspective. Therefore, the basics of choice theory can be used as educational and therapeutic interventions in the counseling centers of schools and universities, family and couple training workshops, organizational management and individual and clinical counseling in order to manage individual behavior and Used to improve interpersonal relationships.
frah Naderi
Abstract
Introduction Depression ranges among the most impairing mental disorders worldwide, and its early detection is a global health priority (Gundel, Pedersen, Munk-Olsen, and Dalsgaard, 2018). The World Health Organization recently announced depression, particularly in adolescents and young adults, as especially ...
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Introduction Depression ranges among the most impairing mental disorders worldwide, and its early detection is a global health priority (Gundel, Pedersen, Munk-Olsen, and Dalsgaard, 2018). The World Health Organization recently announced depression, particularly in adolescents and young adults, as especially important, and selected this impairing mental disorder for their World Health Day 2017 (The World Health Organization, 2017). Depression is associated with higher negative thoughts (Giy, 2014), increased risk of suicide (Laursen, Musliner, Benros, Vestergaard and Munk-Olsen, 2016) and lower life quality (Vojta, Kinosian, Glick, Altshuler and Bauer, 2010). Identifying groups at high-risk of developing depression is an important public health concern and aids clinicians to diagnose the disorder earlier, can potentially reduce individual, familial and societal costs. The research was purposed to investigate the effects of choice theory implementation on negative automatic thoughts, cogitating suicide and quality of life in depressed clients in therapeutic clinics of Ahvaz. Material and Method The sample consisted of 30 subjects of the mentioned population whom were selected randomly via simple random sampling procedure. The participants were allocated to two experimental and control groups, 15 each. The research design was a pretest-posttest with control group and follow up. Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire- 30 (ATQ-30, Kendall and Hollon, 1980), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) (1991) and WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO QoL-BREF, 2000) were utilized as data source. The two groups were pretested. Choice theory based intervention was implemented for 8 sessions, 90 minutes each, on experimental group. The control group received none. Then the two groups were post tested and one month follow-up was finally proceeded. To analyze data, multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOA) and one way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used as statistical main procedures. Results The results indicated decreasing negative automatic thoughts and suicide cogitation but increasing the life quality in depressed individuals. The results were persistent after one month follow-up. Discussion Choice theory, with the seven caring habits, supporting, encouraging, listening, accepting, trusting, respecting and negotiating differences replaces external control and the seven deadly habits, criticizing, blaming, complaining, nagging, threating, punishing and bribing (rewarding to control). The only person whose behavior we can control is our own. All we can give another person is information. All long-lasting psychological problems are relationship problems. The relationship problem is always part of our present life. What happened in the past has everything to do with what we are today, but we can only satisfy our basic needs right now and plan to continue satisfying them in the future. We can only satisfy our needs by satisfying the pictures in our Quality World. All we do is behave. All behavior is Total Behavior and is made up of four components: acting, thinking, feeling and physiology. All Total Behavior is chosen, but we only have direct control over the acting and thinking components. We can only control our feeling and physiology indirectly through how we choose to act and think. All Total Behavior is designated by verbs and named by the part that is the most recognizable. While the choice theory implementation via controlling the feeling and through how we choose to act and think demolishing negative automatic thoughts, lowering suicide cogitation risks and finally elevating quality of life. Conclusion The results confirmed the effects of choice theory implementation on negative automatic thoughts, suicide cogitation and quality of life in depressed individuals while the outcome was continuing to endure over a prolonged period.
