reza sepahvand; mohsen arefnezhad; Fariborz Fathi Chgni; Mahdieh Sepahvand
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between proactive personality and psychological well-being in nurses of Shahid Rahimi hospital in Khorramabad, when the job crafting has been considered as a mediating role. The statistical population of the study was 456 nurses of Shahid Rahimi ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between proactive personality and psychological well-being in nurses of Shahid Rahimi hospital in Khorramabad, when the job crafting has been considered as a mediating role. The statistical population of the study was 456 nurses of Shahid Rahimi hospital in Khorramabad city. According to the Morgan table, a sample size of 205 was selected by stratified random sampling. In order to measure the variables of the research, the (Bateman, and Crant’s, 1993) Proactive personality Questionnaire, (Ryff and Keyes’s, 1995), Psychological well-Being Questionnaire and the (Tims et al’s, 2012) Job crafting Questionnaire were used. For data analysis, structural equations modeling and Amos software have been used. The results of the research show that proactive personality has a positive and significant relationship with psychological well-being and job crafting directly, also The results showed that job crafting mediates the relationship between proactive personality and employee psychological well-Being.
Fatemeh Khaghani; Hajar Torkan; Zahra Yousefi
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting adherence to treatment in addicts undergoing narcotics anonymous in Isfahan city. This is a qualitative thematic analysis. The statistical population of the survey includes all addicts referred to narcotics anonymous in Isfahan city ...
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The aim of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting adherence to treatment in addicts undergoing narcotics anonymous in Isfahan city. This is a qualitative thematic analysis. The statistical population of the survey includes all addicts referred to narcotics anonymous in Isfahan city in 2018. 11 subjects were selected from narcotics anonymous using a purposive homogeneous sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect data. The research tool was a semi-structured interview that included questions related to adherence factors in the treated addicts. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis approach of Braun and Clarke (2000). Our findings demonstrated that adherence to treatment is affected by six major factors: 1) family-related factors 2) behavioral factors, 3) spiritual factors, 4) social factors, 5) tendency to modify personal life and finally, 6) therapeutic factors. In general, these results evince that compliance with treatment in addicts undergoing through narcotics anonymous occur only in the presence of theses six factors and addiction therapists should pay a special attention to improve these factors in treating the addicts.
Neda Ashrafian; Keyvan Salehi
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Transactional Analysis (TA) Group Training on the components of teacher-student Interactive style in elementary school. The research method is quasi-experimental in terms of a method with pretest, posttest, and control group design. The statistical population ...
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Transactional Analysis (TA) Group Training on the components of teacher-student Interactive style in elementary school. The research method is quasi-experimental in terms of a method with pretest, posttest, and control group design. The statistical population included female primary school teachers in Tabas city in 2009-10 academic years. In this study, 30 female primary school teachers were selected by the Convenience Sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Experimental group teachers were trained in Transactional Analysis Training for 10 sessions of 90 minutes over 5 weeks but the teachers of the control group did not receive any intervention. In this study, the Teacher-Student Interaction Style Questionnaire from Lourdusamy and Khine (QTI) was used. The data were analyzed by Multivariable Analyze of Covariance (MANCOVA) via SPSS-18 software. The results showed that Transactional Analysis group training had a significant effect on the components of leadership (p<0.05), helpful/friendly (p<0.01), understanding (p<0.05), dissatisfaction (p<0.05), and admonishing (p<0.01) and there was no sign in the component of Responsibility/Freedom, Uncertain and Strict. The results show that Transactional Analysis group training for teachers improves their style of interaction with students through effectiveness on leadership, helpful/friendly, Students' understanding, reduces dissatisfaction from the class situation and admonishing. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers be taught the concepts and strategies of this theory in schools.
Shahsavar Hashemi; Mokhtar Arefi; Keyvan Kakabraei; Azita Chehri
Abstract
IntroductionMarriage as the most important human relationship and marital life is one of the most complex life cycle transitions. The marital adjustment was first considered by Spanier as a permanent process based on the degree of agreement of the couple on important issues in the marital relationship, ...
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IntroductionMarriage as the most important human relationship and marital life is one of the most complex life cycle transitions. The marital adjustment was first considered by Spanier as a permanent process based on the degree of agreement of the couple on important issues in the marital relationship, such as the degree of participation in the joint activities as well as emotional and physical intimacy. One of the factors of marital adjustment is paying attention to the initial relationships of the individual in the main family, which has a lasting effect on the quality and success of marital life. The aim of this study was to predict marital adjustment based on personality traits through emotion regulation, conflict management and sexual intimacy of teacher couples in Kermanshah.MethodThis research is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all married teachers in Kermanshah in the period 1300-1499, from which 300 married teachers were selected by random sampling. Research information using the Marital Adjustment Scale Questionnaire (Spanier, 1976), Personality Traits Questionnaire (Costa and McCree, 1985), Emotion Difficulty Scale (Gertz and Roemer, 2004), Conflict Resolution and Sexual Intimacy from the Questionnaire subscale Enrich's marital satisfaction (Olson, 1998) was collected and analyzed using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software.
Maryam Moshtaghi; Mohammad Javad Asghari Ebrahimabad; Hamid Reza Aghamohamadian Sheirbaf
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and commitment Based therapy on psychological capitals and neuroticism among mothers of a child with Down Syndrome. The present research was a quasi-experimental conducted by pretest and posttest with control group design. The ...
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The aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and commitment Based therapy on psychological capitals and neuroticism among mothers of a child with Down Syndrome. The present research was a quasi-experimental conducted by pretest and posttest with control group design. The research population was all mothers with a child with Down Syndrome in Mashhad in 2017. The sample was 30 mothers selected by available and purposeful sampling methods and they were assigned into experimental and control groups by random assignment method. Experimental group received 8 weekly 90-minute sessions of Acceptance and commitment Based therapy. Both groups were completed Demographic Questionnaire, Psychological Capital Scale and NEO-FFI (Neuroticism dimension) before and after treatment. The data were analyzed through Covariance Analysis. The results indicated that Acceptance and commitment Based therapy improved psychological capitals and neuroticism in experimental group as compare with control group (p < 0/001). Based on the findings, Acceptance and commitment Based therapy increased psychological capitals and neuroticism among mothers with a Down Syndrome child.
davoud hajkhodadadi; Ozra Etemadi; Mohammad Reza Abedi; rezvan jazayeri
Abstract
One of the concerns of families with adolescents is the father involvement in parenting. It is important to examine the factors that are related to this concept. The aim of this study was to predict the father involvement through marital adjustment, mother-adolescent relationship quality and Father's ...
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One of the concerns of families with adolescents is the father involvement in parenting. It is important to examine the factors that are related to this concept. The aim of this study was to predict the father involvement through marital adjustment, mother-adolescent relationship quality and Father's level of education. The research method was correlational with path analysis. The study population included all families with adolescent-boys aged 13 to 15 in the city of Isfahan in 2018. The samples were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Three hundred and six people (102 families, including adolescents with parents) were administered the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS). Data were analyzed using Multiple Regression and Path analysis by SPSS and AMOS. The findings showed that the proposed model has a good-fit and all path coefficients were significant. Also, in the current path model, the mother-adolescent relationship quality plays a mediating role. In general, the Predictable variables in the model, especially the marital adjustment and the parent-adolescent relationship quality, can explain the father involvement. The results of the present study confirmed the prominent role of family interactions in the involvement and participation of fathers in parenting, and the findings could help experts in promoting family health and cohesion.
farzaneh bidari; azita amirfakhraei; Eghbal Zarei
Abstract
The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on the irrational beliefs and emotional self-regulation of the women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata. it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design and a ...
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The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on the irrational beliefs and emotional self-regulation of the women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata. it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design and a two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included the women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata who referred to consultation centers in the city of Tehran in the autumn and winter of 2019-2012. 40 women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 20). The experimental group received the schema therapy in ten ninety-minute sessions during two months. 4 people from the experimental group were excluded from the study and so were 3 people from the control group. The applied questionnaires in this study included irrational beliefs questionnaire (Jones, 1969), emotional self-regulation questionnaire (Gross, John, 2003), marital conflict (Barati and Sanaie, 1997) and early maladaptive (Yang, 1998). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA. The results showed that schema therapy has significant effect on the irrational beliefs and emotional self-regulation of the women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata (p<0.001). In this way, this treatment has been able to reduce irrational beliefs and increase emotional self-regulation of the women with marital conflict with early maladaptive schemata.
Clinical Psychology
Noora Shahmiri; Javanshir Asadi; leila sadat Azizi ziabari; Hasan Abdollahzadeh
Abstract
IntroductionThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Social physique anxiety, impulsive behaviors, and emotional self-regulation of obese people. The statistical population of the research consisted of all obese women living ...
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IntroductionThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Social physique anxiety, impulsive behaviors, and emotional self-regulation of obese people. The statistical population of the research consisted of all obese women living in Tehran in 2022. Recent studies show that obesity has reached epidemic proportions in recent years and its prevalence is still increasing. Obesity is often associated with many physical diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, premature birth, and arthritis, as well as social and economic harms such as problems in interpersonal communication, reduced productivity, and hope. It comes with life and health care costs. Although weight causes physical, social, and economic problems, it can have a significant effect on creating psychological problems; Especially in today's age, when there is a different view of obesity and body, and these conditions, in turn, cause physical and social anxiety in people with obesity in social situations. Physical-social anxiety is a special form of social anxiety that is defined as the fear of negative evaluation or rejection by others because of one's physical appearance. A person suffering from physical-social anxiety does not feel comfortable with his body and body in social situations and is worried that others will judge his appearance or have a negative evaluation about his appearance. On the other hand, in people with obesity, due to their physical condition and fear of social evaluations, this condition, in addition to being anxiety-provoking, can reduce the patient's tolerance threshold, which is one of the important and fundamental factors in increased impulsivity. MethodThe research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up (one month) with control group and random assignment of subjects. To measure the research variables, social physique anxiety scale (SPA) by Hart et al. (1989), the impulsivity questionnaire (BIS-11) by Barrett et al. (2004) and the emotional self-regulation scale by Hoffman and Kashdan (2010) were used. First, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people each). Then, the experimental group received Acceptance and Commitment Therapy during 8 therapy sessions, one session of 90 minutes per week. Both groups were measured in three stages: pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up. The data were analyzed by multivariate variance analysis using SPSS-22 software.ResultsThe findings of the research showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy was effective on social physique anxiety, impulsive behaviors, and emotional self-regulation in obese women (p=0/.5). This effectiveness was sustained in the follow-up period. Also, the findings of the research show that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment has led to the reduction of impulsive behaviors and improvement of emotional self-regulation in people with obesity. Individuals who struggle with problems with emotional self-regulation, delayed gratification, and poor impulse control are more likely to eat high-fat foods when they are available. In fact, overeating appears to temporarily reduce negative emotions. The reduction of impulsive behaviors and, consequently, the improvement of emotional self-regulation skills following treatment based on acceptance and commitment can be attributed to the three components of acceptance, attention to clients' values, and mindfulness in therapy based on acceptance and commitment. Acceptance as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy does not mean changing the experienced emotions.DiscussionAcceptance and Commitment Therapy can be used as an effective intervention to reduce social people. anxiety and impulsive behaviors and improve emotional self-regulation in obese people. Based on the results of statistical analysis, the research hypothesis is confirmed. The findings show that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment has been effective in reducing the physical-social anxiety of people with obesity.
Hosein Dehghan; Saeed Najarpour Ostadi; Mina Mojtabai
Abstract
IntroductionDue to coexistence of borderline personality disorder with substance abuse, it is felt necessary to pay attention to interventions. The results of various researches show that schema therapy is effective on emotional instability, psychological well-being and self-injurious behaviors in addicted ...
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IntroductionDue to coexistence of borderline personality disorder with substance abuse, it is felt necessary to pay attention to interventions. The results of various researches show that schema therapy is effective on emotional instability, psychological well-being and self-injurious behaviors in addicted people. Reduction of symptoms and the harm caused by addiction in society is most important that make research necessary. The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the effectiveness of schema therapy on emotional instability and self-injurious behaviors of people with borderline personality disorder and substance abuse.MethodThis research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test method and control group. statistical population was all addicts living in three addiction treatment camps in Tabriz and Ahar. Milon's multi-axis questionnaire was implemented and 30 people who had highest score of borderline disorder were selected as research sample and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. data collection tool was Milon's multi-axis questionnaire (Millon, 1987), Sanson et al.'s (1998), self-harm questionnaire, and Mlacic & Goldberg (2007) emotion regulation difficulty questionnaire. The experimental group received two schema therapy sessions in 12 sessions of 90 minutes each week. The control group did not receive any interventions. In the present study, the Declaration of Helsinki including: "explanation of research objectives and obtaining informed consent from the subjects, optionality of participation in the research, right to withdraw from the research, non-harmfulness of the intervention and provision of the results if desired" were observed. Mean and standard deviation indices and univariate covariance analysis were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 23 statistical software.ResultsFindings showed that the mean and standard deviation of the self-injurious behavior scores in the schema therapy group in the pre-test and post-test phases are (16.56, 3.49, 11.19, 2.85) respectively. The mean and standard deviation of scores of self-injurious behaviors in the control group are (16.37, 3.13, 16.89, 3.52) respectively. Also, the mean and standard deviation of emotional instability scores in the schema therapy group in the pre-test and post-test stages respectively (88.22, 11.8, 62.11, 10.13) and the mean and standard deviation of emotional instability scores in the control group were the order is (88/67, 11/44, 89/31, 11/56). In order to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on self- injurious behaviors and emotional instability, separately, covariance tests were used. Based on the results obtained from the analysis of variance tests, the observed differences (decrease) in the averages of schema treatment and control groups, in the post-test, are significant in both variables. Therapeutic intervention was effective in reducing the symptoms of self-injurious behaviors and emotional instability, and schema therapy it is effective in improving self-harming behavior and emotional instability.DiscussionThe findings showed that schema therapy of emotional instability and self-injurious behaviors of people with borderline personality disorder was effective. The findings of this research on the effectiveness of schema therapy on self-injurious behaviors among addicts with borderline personality disorder are in line with the results of many studies in this field. In schema therapy, by using cognitive techniques, especially redefining the evidence confirming the schema and completing the schema registration form, the person is in a non-judgmental position, an observer and an accurate and correct definition of behaviors and neither adds nor subtracts anything from his observations. The effectiveness of schema therapy is due to the focus of this treatment on the cognitive function of the person with an emphasis on emotions based on inconsistent schemas, and since in addicted people, the problems are mainly interpersonal, schema therapy has been able to be effective.
Psychotherapy
Abolfazl Sarlaki; Mona Farokhzad; Fatemeh Khanzadeh; Mahsa Younesi sinaki; Seyedeh Zahra Razavi Mahdiian; Mojtaba Tayyar Parvin
Abstract
IntroductionMajor depressive disorder is a common mental illness in women that can lead to negative consequences on psychological, family, social, and economic levels. According to the psychodynamic theory, this disorder is caused by a perceived real loss in relationships, resulting in anger and guilt ...
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IntroductionMajor depressive disorder is a common mental illness in women that can lead to negative consequences on psychological, family, social, and economic levels. According to the psychodynamic theory, this disorder is caused by a perceived real loss in relationships, resulting in anger and guilt towards the other person. These negative emotions are often directed toward oneself, leading to depressive symptoms. Short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy aims to help patients bring their unconscious emotions to the conscious level, known as "Unlocking the Unconscious". The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy on objective relationships, anger, and guilt in women with major depressive disorder.MethodsIn terms of the purpose, the present study was in the applied research group, and in terms of methodology, it was a semi-experimental type of pre-test - post-test - 3-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all women with major depressive disorder who were referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Isfahan in the spring of 1402. 32 women with major depressive disorder were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental group (16 people) and the control group (16 people). Dovanloo's (1995) intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy protocol was performed only for the experimental group during 8 sessions of 90 minutes weekly, and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Subjects were evaluated in 3 stages (pre-test, post-test, and 3-month follow-up) with Bell's Object Relation Inventory(BORI), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 (STAXI-2), kugler and Jones Guilty Feelings ‘S Questionnaire(KJGFQ), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) . Data analysis was done with repeated measures analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS-28 software.ResultsThe results of this research showed that the short-term psychodynamic intervention was effective on alienation, insecure attachment, the total score of subjective relationships, internal occurrence of anger, internal control of anger, trait guilt, the total score of guilt and depression symptoms, and up to 3 months after The intervention was stable(p>0/05). Short-term intensive psychodynamics had the greatest effect on depression symptoms (ηp2=0.543), anger internalization (ηp2=0.436), and anger internal control (ηp2=0.412).ConclusionDynamic psychotherapy is an approach that is effective in reducing unpleasant emotions by creating a safe space and relationships based on empathy and trust encouraging a person to touch his original feelings and consequently improving the Object Relations of patients with depression. In short-term dynamic psychotherapy, the therapist helps the patient, so that he can face the feeling of anger towards his favorite object and be able to feel and understand it again and find out that he is also damaged through applying pressure To feel guilt can lead to a reduction of guilt in the patient and improvement of depression symptoms.
Educational Psychology
Sima Molaie; Maryam kouroshnia; maryam Zarnaghash
Abstract
IntroductionSo far, the researches that have been proposed have considered and examined each of the variables separately as underlying factors in resilience. However, no research was found to identify the underlying factors in resilience in a comprehensive model and form a unified view of resilience. ...
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IntroductionSo far, the researches that have been proposed have considered and examined each of the variables separately as underlying factors in resilience. However, no research was found to identify the underlying factors in resilience in a comprehensive model and form a unified view of resilience. Therefore, in this research, an attempt was made to consider the internal and external factors effective in resilience in a causal model. Internal factors include incompatible schemas and gender roles, and external factors include family communication patterns. Previously, the placement of the research variables was considered. The communication patterns of the family first affect the incompatible schemas, and then the incompatible schemas are effective in giving gender roles. Finally, they cause people to act differently in terms of resilience in dealing with problems. MethodThe current research is correlational and in the form of a causal model. The statistical population of this research included students of Shiraz and Kerman universities. The number of people was determined according to the number of routes according to Kline (2011) (Kline, 2015). Klein (2015) suggested that 20 people should be considered for each route. Based on this, it was necessary to select 380 people as participants. Considering missing and outlier cases, 400 people were studied. A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select the participants. In this way, 5 faculties were selected from among the faculties of Shiraz and Kerman University, and then 4 departments were randomly selected in each faculty, and 2 classes were randomly selected from each of the 4 departments, and all the students of the classes were studied. took It should be noted that due to the fact that we are in the time of the corona virus outbreak, the link of the questionnaires was provided to the students through the virtual space through the course professors. It should be noted that the number of outliers in data collection was 12.ResultsAs it was found, congruence (p = 0.007, β = -0.18) significantly affects resilience through incompatible schemas. Also, it was found that communication affects resilience through male gender role (β = 0.11, p = 0.01). In addition, communication through female gender role affects resilience (β = 0.13, p = 0.005). Also, it has been determined that incompatible schemas act as the first mediator and female gender role as the second mediator between the relationship of communication and resilience (p=0.01) , β = 0.10). In addition, it was found that incompatible schemas act as the first mediator and female gender role as the second mediator between the relationship of conformity and resilience (p = 0.22, 007). β = -0/0).DiscussionIn summary, it can be said that the family's communication patterns influence the formation of children's primary schemas, and if these patterns are ineffective, incompatible schemas are formed in different dimensions and become the basis for the formation of children's gender roles. The formation of incompatible schemas and incompatible patterns of interpretation of the environment and disruption of the gender role; It will cause a drop in psychological performance and eventually reduce resilience. Therefore, in stressful situations of daily life, a person does not have the necessary ability to deal with and solve it.
Psychotherapy
Atena Asadinia; احمد منصوری
Abstract
IntroductionAdolescence is one of the critical periods of life, which is associated with extensive changes in physical, sexual, social, cognitive and emotional aspects. These changes can cause them distress. Adolescents' inability to tolerate distress can have physical and psychological health consequences. ...
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IntroductionAdolescence is one of the critical periods of life, which is associated with extensive changes in physical, sexual, social, cognitive and emotional aspects. These changes can cause them distress. Adolescents' inability to tolerate distress can have physical and psychological health consequences. On the other hand, several therapeutic and educational interventions have been used to increase distress tolerance and related factors such as social cognition and intolerance of uncertainty. Emotion regulation training is another intervention that can be used in this field. Emotion regulation training enhances psychological health and is associated with multiple positive psychological outcomes, including better interpersonal functioning, greater perceived well-being, and better physical health. Therefore, considering the importance of adolescence, the effect of emotions on people's lives and health, as well as the need of educational centers for interventions based on emotion regulation, the aim of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on social cognition, intolerance of uncertainty and distress tolerance in adolescents.MethodThis study is applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design and control group in terms of method. The statistical population included all boy students of public elementary schools in Mashhad city in 2022. Thirty boy teenage students of elementary school were selected by available sampling method and then randomly designed into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of emotion regulation training based on the Gross model (Gross, 2002) while control group was not in any training. Inclusion criteria for the study were being 11 to 15 years, not having specific physical and psychological problems and informed consent. Exclusion criteria were absences of more than two session, participation in the other psychotherapies and unwillingness to participate in the research. Ethical principles were obtaining informed consent from parents, protecting the anonymity and confidentiality of participants, avoid harm to participants. The participants answered to the intolerance of uncertainty scale (Carleton, et al., 2007), social stories questionnaire (1986) and distress tolerance scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005). Data were analyzed by SPSS26 software, using Multivariate analysis of covariance. The significance level was 0.05.ResultsThe average age of the experimental group, control group and total participants was 12.06, 12.13 and 12.01, respectively. The results of Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there is a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the variables of social cognition (p= 0.001, F= 12.22) and distress tolerance (p= 0.02, F= 6.02), but there is no difference between groups in the intolerance of uncertainty (P= 0.052, F= 4.16). In other word, mean scores of social cognition and distress tolerance increased in the experimental group compared to the control group.DiscussionThe results of present study showed that emotion regulation training increases social cognition and distress tolerance. Therefore, emotion regulation training might be an efficient way to increases these variables. Also, psychologists and other mental health professionals can use this training to improve and increase social cognition and tolerance of distress in adolescents.
Educational Psychology
mohammad derikvand; Moslem Daneshpayeh; atefeh mazoosaz; Seyed javad Hosseini
Abstract
Introductionacademic well-being refers to the individuals enjoyment of the role and experience as a self-taught student, perception of educational programs, the necessary conditions for studying, and overall satisfaction of student in the academic environment. It is associated with positive factors in ...
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Introductionacademic well-being refers to the individuals enjoyment of the role and experience as a self-taught student, perception of educational programs, the necessary conditions for studying, and overall satisfaction of student in the academic environment. It is associated with positive factors in school context , such as increasing educational activities, having good social relations,satisfaction with education and finally academic achievement. On the other hand, the mood of depression , anxiety , anger , educational loss and education is the consequences of academic failure. According to the researches , including effective variables on academic well-being, school connectedness and anxiety sensitivity. school connectedness is a multi-dimensional structure, but is generally defined as the extent to which students acquire, respect and support in the school environment. anxiety sensitivity is a personal tendency to understand emotions and anxiety symptoms as consequences of disasters that can be identified that in shaping social interaction,feeling of security and psychological and social development of students have an important role and academic well - being . the purpose of this study was to the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity in the relationship between connectedness with school and academic well – being.MethodThis study employed an applied objective and a correlational descriptive method. The study population consisted of all male and female middle school students in Tehran during the academic year 2024-2025. The research sample included 256 students selected through multi-stage sampling. Participants responded to questionnaires on connectedness with school (Berry et al., 2004), anxiety sensitivity (Floyd et al., 2005), and academic well-being (Tominen et al., 2012). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Amos version 26, structural equation modeling.ResultsResults indicated a anxiety sensitivity played a mediating role between connectedness with school and academic well-being, showing a significant and negative association (p<0/01) . Additionally significant and positive relationship between connectedness with school and academic well-being (p<0/01). Finally, the model an appropriate goodness of fit.DiscussionTherefore it can be concluded that the more to connectedness with school the degree of anxiety sensitivity of students and reduce academic well-being has in important role in school context, such as increasing educational activities, feeling management, in class, having good social relations, education satisfaction and academic achievement. according to the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity in relation to connectedness with school and academic well-being, counselors apractitioners need to employ efficient therapeutic procedures for anxiety disorder and improve students academic well – being.
Educational Psychology
Pouran Ahmadishuli; Hossein Aflaki Fard; Safoora Khatemeh Marbueih; Ehsan Keshtvarz Kondazi
Abstract
IntroductionDue to the situation of the corona virus epidemic, almost all the important economic, political, social and even military aspects of all the countries of the world have been affected. Researches show that students who contracted covid-19 disease have low psychological tolerance and due to ...
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IntroductionDue to the situation of the corona virus epidemic, almost all the important economic, political, social and even military aspects of all the countries of the world have been affected. Researches show that students who contracted covid-19 disease have low psychological tolerance and due to the condition of the disease, these people are highly exposed to psychological disorders such as anxiety, fear, depression and also negative thoughts. Accordingly, in the present study, academic hardness, which is one of the variables related to academic progress and psychological well-being of students, has been considered. Academic persistence is a set of personality traits that serve as a source of resistance in facing stressful life events, including education. Kobasa's tenacity theory(1979) and Kamtsios & Karagiannopoulou's theory of academic motivation (2016) have been proposed with a cognitive orientation in order to understand why some students show more persistence in the face of academic problems than other learners. Kubasa's theory proposes three cognitive evaluation processes of control, commitment, and challenges, which are related to persistence in facing problems. Students with stubbornness usually feel more in control of their lives, have a greater sense of belonging to what they do, and are receptive to new ideas and changes. In the meantime, different techniques have been presented regarding the improvement of academic tenacity, including mindfulness training. Self-motivated students feel capable of achieving academic goals through effort and emotional self-regulation, they want to excel academically through personal sacrifice, and they pursue challenging goals to achieve long-term personal growth. The research results showed that, in general, mindfulness training has been effective on positive things, including stubbornness. Therefore, considering that the middle school period is the stage of transition from school to university and is accompanied by stress, teenagers will need academic tenacity in this stage of transition. Therefore, the current research seeks to answer the question of whether stress reduction training based on mindfulness is effective on the level of academic persistence of girls.MethodThe current research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research included all female students of the 2nd high school of the 11th year of Marodasht city in the academic year of 2019-2020. From this population, a sample of 30 people (15people for each group) was randomly selected in two experimental and control groups. The method of selecting the statistical sample was as follows: first, the academic persistence questionnaire was administered in the above statistical community, and 30 people were selected based on the lowest score in the academic persistence scale (score below65) and then they were randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups.ResultsThe findings of the research showed that the use of mindfulness-based stress reduction training led to an increase in the average scores of experimental group participants in academic tenacity and its components including personal commitment, challengingness, and emotion control compared to the control group. Therefore, it can be suggested that stress reduction training based on mindfulness is effective on the level of academic persistence and its components, including personal commitment, challenge, and emotion control in female students. Students who receive a mindfulness-based stress reduction training intervention typically feel more in control of their lives, feel more connected to what they are doing, and are more receptive to new ideas and changes.DiscussionIn sum, it is concluded that mindfulness educational intervention (MBSR) is a suitable method to increase students' academic persistence. By using this method, students will be able to have the necessary tenacity in the matter of education when problems arise, and most importantly, they will have sufficient awareness and alertness when facing some common issues in daily life, they will be able to have awareness and calmness. To protect themselves while accepting and bearing problems and finally, to be able to be successful not only in education, but in all aspects of life. Considering that the results of the current research emphasize the direct effect of mindfulness on academic persistence, from a practical point of view, it is suggested to launch workshops and to measure the positive states of mindfulness in various educational and educational fields for students and families, and to measure their effectiveness experimentally.
Educational Psychology
Zeinab Rahimi; Fariborz Dortaj
Abstract
Introduction: Wisdom is one of the important psychological characteristics that increases psychological and social well-being. According to different definitions related to wisdom, there is a complex interaction between wisdom and moral development because the behavior of wise people is mainly accompanied ...
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Introduction: Wisdom is one of the important psychological characteristics that increases psychological and social well-being. According to different definitions related to wisdom, there is a complex interaction between wisdom and moral development because the behavior of wise people is mainly accompanied by moral foundations. Considering the signicant role of intelligence in the definitions of wisdom and the influence of it in interpersonal relationships and wise behavior, moral intelligence and emotional intelligence were chosen as two influencing variables in wisdom. This research is important due to the lack of information about the structures that are effective in wisdom and its important role in solving various life problems of the society and was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of moral intelligence and emotional intelligence in the relationship between moral development and wisdom of students.Method: It was with a volume of 15,000 students and the sample is 240 students of Allameh Tabatabai University and they were selected by cluster sampling method. The tools used include: Schering's 1996 emotional intelligence questionnaire which has 5 subscales of self-awareness, spontaneity, self-control, empathy, and social skills - Lenik and Keel's 2005 moral intelligence that measures 10 competencies - Webster's 2007 wisdom, including 40 items, and Graham's moral foundations 2011, which measures 5 ethical dimensions. The findings were analyzed bu structural equation modeling and using AMOS.v22 and SPSS.v23 software.Results:The results showed that moral development (P=0.001), moral intelligence (P=0.001) and emotional intelligence (P=0.019) have a direct and significant relationship with wisdom. In addition, the indirect relationship between moral development and wisdom through the mediation of moral intelligence was significant (P=0.01). Therefore, the research model has a favorable fit and moral intelligence plays a mediating role in the relationship between moral development and wisdom.Conclusion:This research provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics between moral development, emotional intelligence, and wisdom. In particular, it emphasizes the pivotal role of moral intelligence as a mediator in the relationship between moral development and wisdom.The results indicate that if the moral growth increases, the structure of wisdom in people will increase. Certainly, with the increase of moral intelligence in people, moral growth is positively affected and wisdom also grows due to accurate goal choices and understanding the meaning of life. Also, with the increase in emotional intelligence, human behavior and emotions are controlled and regulated and increase wisdom. In order to generalize the results, it is suggested to carry out more research on other samples, and by holding workshops and classes related to wisdom and the structures that affect it, the psychological and social well-being of the society was increased.
Addiction
Vali Rashidzadegan Dost; Fatemeh Shahabizadeh; Ghasem Ahi
Abstract
IntroductionThe present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of community therapy (TC) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) in the defense mechanisms of people addicted to methamphetamine. Addiction is a disease that has many biological, psychological, and social consequences, and ...
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IntroductionThe present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of community therapy (TC) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) in the defense mechanisms of people addicted to methamphetamine. Addiction is a disease that has many biological, psychological, and social consequences, and its treatment programs also have various consequences. Most treatment programs aim to reduce or stop taking medication. However, drug dependent patients are also dealing with many other problems, many of which may date back to before they started using drugs. These problems may even be one of the important reasons for starting to use drugs. In this way, treatment programs should not only aim to reduce and stop drug use but should also consider relevant aMethodThe current study was applied in terms of purpose and in a semi-experimental manner with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group along with a follow-up period. The statistical population studied included all people addicted to methamphetamine with consumption at least twice a month and at most three times a week for 2 years in 2 maintenance centers of the community center for the treatment of the secret of peace and NA sessions of Shahid Ostadian welfare in the city of Shiraz in 6 months. They were first treated in 2021. According to Cohen's table, 15 people were considered for each group and 45 people in total. The samplingling method was purposeful based on the entry and exit criteria, and the assignment in the groups was done randomly in three groups of 15 people, experiment 1 (TC treatment), experiment 2 (NA treatment) and the control group. The tool used in this research is the defense mechanism questionnaire of Andrews et al. (1993) and the TC treatment protocol and the NA treatment protocol were conducted in two 90-minute sessions in the morning and evening shifts during 12 sessions every 4 days for 3 months. In all three groups, these questionnaires were first distributed, and then educational interventions were held for the test groups. Finally, after two months, a post-test was taken from all three groups. The data was analyzed by spss-22 and statistical tests of covariance were the final analysis.ResultsThe results showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of only the subscales of inhibitory control and selective attention, physicalizing, isolation, exaltation and suppression, irritability in the experimental (under NA) and control groups. The results of the Bonferroni test show that there is a significant difference between TC and NA in the average subscales of memory, planning and social cognition, mechanisms of all-purpose ability, autistic fantasy and suppression, irritability, extroversion, and openness. and TC has a higher effectiveness.DiscussionTherefore, according to the results, TC and NA treatment can be used in the use of incompatible defense mechanisms. Being in a family with a member suffering from a mental disorder often imposes a major objective and mental pressure on other family members. The amount of this pressure depends on the relationships between the members such as husband and wife and children or parents, age and gender, the quality of their relationship with the patient before the illness, the nature of the patient's problems, the coping strategies used. Since defense mechanisms change our understanding of ourselves, immature defense mechanisms become an obstacle to people's understanding of reality and deprive them of the possibility of rational and effective defense. They reduce a person's capacity for insight and self-discovery. In addition, people with underdeveloped defensive styles are more willing to use ineffective solutions to solve their conflicts, which causes them to remain in difficult relationships and can even intensify the severity of the damage. Perhaps one of the reasons for the excessive use of defense mechanisms by the families of people suffering from addiction is the failure to face the same problems in the family.
