Document Type : Research Article
Author
Ph.D student of psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test and compare the causal model of team trust based on characteristics of team (job-adequate skills), work (role ambiguity) and organization (participative leadership) in employees with high and low predisposition to trust. The research method is descriptive-correlational through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The sample of this study consisted of 319 employees of Khuzestan Water Exploitation, Production and Transmission Company who were selected by simple random sampling. Job-Adequate Skills (Jarvenpaa et al., 1998), Role Ambiguity (Rizo et al., 1970), Path-Goal Leadership (Indvik, 1988), Predisposition to Trust (Ashleigh et al., 2012), and Team Trust (Costa & Anderson, 2011) scales, were used to collect data. The proposed model was evaluated by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS-24 and SPSS-24 software. The results showed that the proposed model fits well with the data. Also, the results showed that direct paths of that job-adequate skills to team trust (β=0.56, p<0.0001), role ambiguity to team trust (β= -0.19, p<0.0001) and participative leadership in team trust (β=0.18, p<0.0001) were significant. In addition, the multi-group analysis results showed that there is no significant difference between the path graph and the regression coefficients of the models of employees with high and low predisposition to trust. Overall, according to the results of the study, having the skills required for the job, existence a participative leadership atmosphere and reducing the ambiguity of the roles and responsibilities of the team can increase the level of trust within the teams.
Keywords
Abdullah, Z. & Musa, R. (2014). The effect of trust and information sharing on relationship commitment in supply chain management. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 130, 266-272.
Acton, B. P., Braun, M. T. & Foti, R. J. (2019). Built for unity: Assessing the impact of team composition on team cohesion trajectories. Journal of Business Psychology, Online Published, 1-16.
Akhtar, S., Ullah Khan, K., Hassan, S., Irfan, M. & Atlas, F. (2019). Antecedents of task performance: An examination of transformation leadership, team communication, team creativity, and team trust. Journal of Public Affairs, 19(2), 1-12.
Alijanpour, M., Dousti, M. & Alijanpour, M. (2013). The Relationship between organizational commitment and organizational trust of staff. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 1(4), 45-52. [Persian]
Alsharo, M., Gregg, D. & Ramirez, R. (2017). Virtual team effectiveness: The role of knowledge sharing and trust. Information & Management, 54(4), 479-490.
Anderson, N. & Burch, G. J. (2003). Measuring person-team fit: Development and validation of the team selection inventory. Journal of managerial psychology, 119(4), 406-426.
Arshadi, N. & Piryaei, S. (2012). Employee’s trust propensity, supervisor’s trustworthiness and interpersonal trust as antecedents of workplace deviance. Quarterly Journal of Career & Organizational Counseling, 4(13), 83-100.
Artar, M. & Erdil, O. (2017). Relationship between job satisfaction, organizational trust and work alienation. 13th International Strategic Management Conference, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Ashleigh, M. J., Higgs, M. & Dulewicz, V. (2012). A new propensity to trust scale and its relationship with individual well-being: implications for HRM policies and practices. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(4), 2012, 360-376.
Bagherianfar, M., Siadat, S. A. & Ebrahimi, A. (2016). Role of participative leadership and social empowerments on the teamwork skills of employees (Case Study: Isfahan university staff). Research on Educational Leadership and Management, 2(8), 23-49. [Persian]
Bhatti, M. H., Ju, Y., Akram, U., Bhatti, M. H., Akram, Z. & Bilal, M. (2019). Impact of participative leadership on organizational citizenship behavior: Mediating role of trust and moderating role of continuance commitment: Evidence from the Pakistan hotel industry. Sustainability, 11(4), 1-21.
Breuer, C., Huffmeier, J. & Hertel, G. (2016). Does trust matter more in virtual teams? A meta-analysis of trust and team effectiveness considering virtuality and documentation as moderators. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(8), 1151-1177.
Bylund, P. L. (2015). Signifying Williamson's Contribution to the Transaction Cost Approach: An agent‐based simulation of coasean transaction costs and specialization. Journal of Management Studies, 52(1), 148-174.
Cassidy, S. (2018). What you don’t know can hurt you: The role of team member uncertainty in virtual team trust and performance. Ph.D. Thesis of Philosophy in Psychology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Ceric, A. (2015). Trust in construction projects. UK: Routledge.
Chen, Y., Yan, X., Fan, W. & Gordon, M. (2015). The joint moderating role of trust propensity and gender on consumers’ online shopping behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 43, 272-283.
Cheng, J. H., Yeh, C. H. & Tu, C. W. (2008). Trust and knowledge sharing in green supply chains. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 283-295.
Costa, A. C. (2003). Understanding the nature and the antecedents of trust within work teams. In B. Nooteboom & F. Six, The trust process in organizations: Empirical of the determinants and the process of trust development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Pp. 105-124.
Costa, A. C. & Anderson, N. (2011). Measuring trust in teams: Development and validation of a multifaceted measure of formative and reflective indicators of team trust. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 119-154.
Costa, A. C., Roe, R. A. & Taillieu, T. (2001). Trust within teams: The relation with performance effectiveness. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 225-244.
Davis, J. H., Schoorman, F. D., Mayer, R. C. & Tang, H. H. (2000). The trusted general manager and business unit performance: Empirical evidence of a competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 563-576.
De Jong, B. A., Dirks, K. T., & Gillespie, N. (2016). Trust and team performance: A meta-analysis of main effects, moderators, and covariates. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(8), 1134-1150.
Ford, R. C., Piccolo, R. F. & Ford, L. R. (2017). Strategies for building effective virtual teams: Trust is key. Business Horizons, 60(1), 25-34.
Friend, S. B., Johnson, J. S., & Sohi, R. S. (2018). Propensity to trust salespeople: A contingent multilevel-multisource examination. Journal of Business Research, 83, 1-9.
Gambetta, D. (1988). Trust making and breaking cooperative relations. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Jarvenpaa, S. L., Knoll, K., & Leidner, D. E. (1998). Is anybody out there? Antecedents of trust in global virtual teams. Journal of Management Information systems, 14(4), 29-64.
Joo, B. K., & Shim, J. H. (2010). Psychological empowerment and organizational commitment: The moderating effect of organizational learning culture. Human Resource Development International, 13(4), 425-441.
Katzenbach, J. R., & Smith, D. K. (1993). The wisdom of teams: Creating the high-performance organization. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Kochi, T., Hashemi Sheikh Shabani, S. E., & Beshlideh, K. (2013). The relationship between job and organizational variables and teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors: Considering the mediating role of job stress. Journal of Psychological Achievements, 20(2), 117-140. [Persian]
Lee, D. S., Lee, K. C., Seo, Y. W., & Choi, D. Y. (2015). An analysis of shared leadership, diversity, and team creativity in an e-learning environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 42, 47-56.
Lewis, J. D. (2007). Trusted partners: How companies build mutual trust and win together. Free Press.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20, 709-734.
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect and cognition based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 24-59.
Meral, Y., Yaşlıoğlu, M., & Semerciöz, F. (2016). Effects of trust on job satisfaction and mediatory role of new identification between trust and job satisfaction in mergers. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 4(5), 54-67.
Mohammadi, B. (2016). The relationship of role ambiguity with job satisfaction and job performance mediated by proactive behavior. Iranian Journal of Ergonomics, 4(1), 20-27. [Persian]
Morris, J. H., & Moberg, D. J. (1994). Work organizations as contexts for trust and betrayal. In T. R. Sarbin, R. M. Carney & C. Eoyang, Citizen Espionage: Studies in trust and betrayal. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. 163-187.
Piryaei, S., Arshadi, N., & Neisi, A. (2013). The effect of organizational justice on job performance, organizational commitment and turnover intention: Mediating role of system trust and interpersonal trust. Journal of Psychological Achievements, 20(2), 69-92. [Persian]
Polston-Murdoch, L. (2013). An investigation of path-goal theory, relationship of leadership style, supervisor-related commitment and gender. Emerging Leadership Journeys, 6(1), 13-44.
Pucetaite, R., & Lamsa, A. M. (2008). Developing organizational trust through advancement of employees’ work ethic in a post-socialist context. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(2), 325-337.
Reina, D., & Reina, M. (2015). Trust and betrayal in the workplace: Building effective relationships in your organization (3th E.D.). Berrett-Koehler Publishers; Third edition
Rizo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15, 150-163.
Rotter, J. B. (1967). A new scale for the measurement of interpersonal trust. Journal of Personality, 35, 651-665.
Singh, U., & Srivastava, K. B. (2016). Organizational trust and organizational citizenship behavior. Global Business Review, 17(3), 594-609.
Smith, P. A., & Birney, L. L. (2005). The organizational trust of elementary schools and dimensions of student bullying. The International Journal of Educational Management, 19(6-7), 469-487.
Walumbwa, F. O., Luthans, F., Avey, J. B., & Oke, A. (2011). Authentically leading groups: The mediating role of collective psychological capital and trust. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(1), 4-24.
West, M. A., & Markiewicz, L. (2004). Building Team-Based Working. BPS Blackwell, Oxford.
)