Document Type : Research Article
Authors
Farhangian University
Abstract
Introduction
The interest in wisdom is increasing in psychology, probably due to the changing conditions of the scientific community, which emphasizes the evolution of the life span and positive psychology. However, we need more research to understand wisdom and its development in people better. In the meantime, spirituality, as one of the essential aspects of the quality of life, can have a decisive contribution in predicting wisdom, although the results in this regard are scattered and sometimes contradictory. It seems that how spirituality affects wisdom is still unclear to us, so the current research has investigated the mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between these two variables in the form of a causal model.
Methodology
This study is among the descriptive studies of the correlation type, in which the relationships between variables were investigated using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included female student teachers of Farhangian University of Tehran, among whom 309 were selected by random cluster method. A five-dimensional wisdom questionnaire (Webster, 2003) was used to collect data, including the dimensions of experience, openness, reflection/review, emotion regulation, and humor. In measuring mindfulness, a five-factor questionnaire (Baer et al., 2006) was used, including conscious action, non-judgment, observation, description, non-reaction, and evaluating spirituality, Spiritual well-being questionnaire (Dehshiri et al., 2014), including four dimensions of communication with self, others, nature, and God.
Results
The results showed that spirituality has both a direct and indirect effect on wisdom through mindfulness. All in all, according to the analysis results and the direct and indirect effects of the variables in the model, it can be said that spirituality and mindfulness predict 0.75 mental changes.
Explanation
It can be concluded from this research that spirituality has a direct relationship with mindfulness, which is related to increasing wisdom; in other words, mindfulness plays a mediating role in the relationship between spirituality and wisdom. Among the reasons for this finding, we can point out the common features between three variables: connection with oneself and beyond oneself, a sense of coherence and integrity, reflection on experiences and actions, being open to new experiences, and a sense of altruism and compassion. It seems that spirituality, through inner peace, a sense of calmness, satisfaction, and integration, provides a person's existential platform for the experiences of the conscious mind and, subsequently, the growth of wisdom in people. In general, the results of this study can provide a valuable basis for improving theory and practice, so interventional studies are suggested to improve spirituality and mindfulness and investigate its effect on wisdom.
Keywords: spirituality, wisdom, mindfulness
Keywords
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