M. Dalir; A. Alipour; H. Zare; V. Farzad
Abstract
To date, there is substantial co-relational evidence supporting the link between negative interpretations of intrusive thoughts and obsessive compulsive symptoms. The main objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of cognitive bias modification-interpretation in reducing the severity of ...
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To date, there is substantial co-relational evidence supporting the link between negative interpretations of intrusive thoughts and obsessive compulsive symptoms. The main objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of cognitive bias modification-interpretation in reducing the severity of symptoms, beliefs, and obsessional behaviors. For this purpose a sample of 60 students was selected with the symptoms of this disorder. The research design was an experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. All the participants completed three questionnaires: the Moudsely Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and the Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance on the difference between pre-test and post-test scores showed that the cognitive bias modification-interpretation decreases the intensity symptoms, beliefs and obsessional behaviors, and the efficacy of the combination of cognitive bias modification-interpretation with group cognitive behavior therapy in reducing the severity of symptoms, beliefs and obsessional behaviors is more than cognitive bias modification-interpretation. With regard to this finding we can propose therapists to use cognitive bias modification-interpretation and its combination with group cognitive behavior therapy as a new, easy to use and effective approach in obsessive compulsive disorder therapy.
M. Bayrami; Y. Movahedi; R. Mohammadzadigan; M. Movahedi; S. Vakili
Volume 20, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Mindfulness in psychotherapy research has been conceptualized as an enhanced state of self-awareness thought to promote well-being. In this research, the effectiveness of group cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in reducing anxiety and depression in high school students was studied.This research ...
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Mindfulness in psychotherapy research has been conceptualized as an enhanced state of self-awareness thought to promote well-being. In this research, the effectiveness of group cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in reducing anxiety and depression in high school students was studied.This research was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The subjects included 40 high school male students in Khorramabad city. At the outset, the test of anxiety and depression was administered to 420 students. Those students who had disappointing scores in the test were selected and administrated to clinical interview. Among them, 20 students were randomly assigned to experimental group and 20 other students to control group. The experimental group received group mindfulness training for 8 sessions as each session lasted 90 minutes (one session each week). Upon the completion of the training, a posttest was administrated to both groups.Results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant decrease in anxiety and depression in the experimental group compared with the control group. Besides, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness increased psychological health in adolescents (p<0/01).
M. Shehni Yailagh; S. M. Golestaneh; J. Haghighi; A. Neisi; F. Kianpoor Ghahfarokhi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , June 2010, , Pages 1-32
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of academic motivation training on cognitive-adaptive/maladaptive, and behavioral-adaptive/maladaptive motivational dimensions and academic performance of second grade male high school students. Academic motivation training (during 16 instructional ...
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of academic motivation training on cognitive-adaptive/maladaptive, and behavioral-adaptive/maladaptive motivational dimensions and academic performance of second grade male high school students. Academic motivation training (during 16 instructional sessions) was independent variable and cognitive-adaptive motivational dimension (self efficacy, valuing and mastery orientation), behavioral-adaptive motivational dimension (persistence, planning and task management), cognitive-maladaptive motivational dimension (failure avoidance, uncertain control and anxiety), behavioral-maladaptive motivational dimension (disengagement and self handicapping) and academic performance were dependent variables. The present study was an experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The instruments of this study include the Motivation and Engagement Scale - High School (MES-HS) of Martin, Self-Regulated Learning Strategies (SLRS) of Zimmerman and Martinez-Pons, and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) of Eccles. The sample consisted of 60 second grade male high school students (2008-2009), who were selected randomly by multi-stage sampling method. The results of MANCOVA showed that academic motivation training caused significant improvement in students' self efficacy, valuing, mastery orientation, persistent, task management and academic performance. Also, the results indicatd that academic motivation training caused significant decrease in students' anxiety, failure avoidance and uncertain control. But, there was no significant improvement in students' planning, self handicapping and disengagement.
M. Khodayarifard; S.M. Mirkamali; G. Afrooz; M. Paknejad; H. Hooman; A. Beh-Pajooh; H. ShokrKon; S. Hossainian; S.M. Yazdi; B. Ghobari; M. Shokoohi-Yekta; M. Rabi – Zadeh; A.N. Faghihi; F. Hossaini Hossain – Abad
Volume 17, Issue 2 , December 2010, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
The aim of the persent study was to examine the psychometric properties of the job satisfaction and customers' satisfaction scales in employees of Irarian bank of Saderat. The method was descriptive-survey. Two separate questionnaires. Job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction special for Bank of Saderat ...
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The aim of the persent study was to examine the psychometric properties of the job satisfaction and customers' satisfaction scales in employees of Irarian bank of Saderat. The method was descriptive-survey. Two separate questionnaires. Job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction special for Bank of Saderat were including developed. Through a pilot study their psychometric features were calculated. The final questionnaires were administrated on two separate samples including the bank employees (N= 873) and the customers (N=350). The samples were selected randomly through stratified sampling method. The results of explanatory Factor Analysis confirmed the initial theoretical structure and extracted seven factors including providing meeting material and non material needs, communication with coworkers and customers, nature of work, with supervisor, responsibility and respect, workplace conditions, and organizational climate. The level of employees’ job satisfaction was in averagelevei. The lowest scores of job satisfaction were found in following factors: organizational climate, meeting material-nonmaterial needs, and workplace conditions. Explanatory Factor Analysis confirmed the theoretical model and extracted four factors in meeting customer satisfaction including satisfaction with staff and the bank procedures, physical conditions of the bank, obstacle, in equipment of the bank services, and obstacles made by human resource for bank services.
H. Ahmadian; F. JomEhri; H. Ahmadi; N. Farokhi
Volume 18, Issue 1 , June 2011, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
This study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and satisfaction of basic psychological needs with psychological well-being. Three hundred and two students (189 boys and 193 girls) of sanandaj Islamic Azad University, were selected using cluster sampling. ...
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This study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and satisfaction of basic psychological needs with psychological well-being. Three hundred and two students (189 boys and 193 girls) of sanandaj Islamic Azad University, were selected using cluster sampling. Participants big- five- factor of personality (IPIP), basic psychological needs (BPNS) and psychological well-being (SPWB) questionnaires. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the validity of measurement instruments. Using a LISREL model, effects of five factors of personality on psychological well-being whit mediating role of ''basic psychological needs". was investigated Findings indicated that generally assumed model was fitted with data. The effect of extroversion on relation with others, agreeableness with autonomy and competence was significant. Moreover, emotional stability, conscientiousness and openness to experience had positive effect on competence. and the effect of autonomy, competence and relation with others on psychological well-being was significant. Personality characteristics had not direct effect on psychological well-being, but had effect through satisfaction of psychological needs.
R. Shahni; M.R. Shairi; M.A. Asghari Moghaddam; M. Naseri; M. Delavari
Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2011, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
This Study was done to determine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral treatment in reduction of negative emotions and pain severity in patients with chronic pain. After selecting 12 eligible people for the test, the subjects were divided randomly in two groups, cognitive-behavioral pain therapy group ...
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This Study was done to determine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral treatment in reduction of negative emotions and pain severity in patients with chronic pain. After selecting 12 eligible people for the test, the subjects were divided randomly in two groups, cognitive-behavioral pain therapy group and the other control group (6 persons per each group). The cognitive-behavioral therapy group received the treatment for 8 sessions (a session per week, for 2 hours), and the control group was put in waiting list for treatment. The subjects in the two groups have completed the relevant questionnaires twice, once before the treatment and again at the end of treatment (approximately 2 months later). Then, the difference between pre-test and post-test of the two groups was compared. The results showed, in general, that in comparison to the control group, cognitive-behavioral therapy led to reduction of negative emotions in experimental group.
A. Sadeghi; I. Baghban; F. Bahrami; A. Ahmadi; H. Molavi
Volume 19, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the factors that affect students᾽ (8-12 grads) career development in Isfahan. The statistical population of this research includes 8 to 12 grade participants who were 721 students. The NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Career Development Inventory-Australia-short ...
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The purpose of this research was to study the factors that affect students᾽ (8-12 grads) career development in Isfahan. The statistical population of this research includes 8 to 12 grade participants who were 721 students. The NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Career Development Inventory-Australia-short form, Skill Confidence Scale, Parent Support Inventory, Career Decision-Making Scale, Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale, Self Esteem Questionnaire and Strong Interest Inventory were used. The results showed that the effects of career decision-making self-efficacy, parent support and artistic interest were positive and the effect of indecision on career development was negative. Results showed that the effect of career decision-making self-efficacy on career development was more than the effect of other variables. The effect of parent support on career development was more than the effect of artistic interest. In addition, the results indicated that self efficacy had significant effect on interest. Finally, the results showed that neuroticism positively and conscientiousness and openness to experience negatively affected indecision.
J. Karmi
Volume 19, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs and social acceptance versus preparation for drug addiction among the students of Razi University of Kermanshah. The sample composed of 120 (60 females and 60 males) students of Social Sciences Department of ...
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The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs and social acceptance versus preparation for drug addiction among the students of Razi University of Kermanshah. The sample composed of 120 (60 females and 60 males) students of Social Sciences Department of Razi University who were selected using a stratified random method. The data consisted of Meta-Cognitive Beliefs Questionnaire (MCQ-30), Kervan and Marlow Social Acceptance and Addiction Preparation Scale (APS). The study was correlational, and data analysis Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression was used. The findings indicated that there are a negative and significant relationships between meta-cognitive beliefs and its factors (except the negative beliefs about uncontrollable thoughts) and social acceptance, and addiction preparation. It could be concluded that there are a relationships between meta-cognitive beliefs and social acceptance, and preparation for addiction in male and female students.
H. Ahadi; F. Khoeini; A. Delaver
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
The present research aimed at comparing the thinking styles and sensation seeking in undergraduate art and mathematics students. The type of research was causal-comparative, and the target population of this study was comprised of all the undergraduate female students studying art and mathematics at ...
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The present research aimed at comparing the thinking styles and sensation seeking in undergraduate art and mathematics students. The type of research was causal-comparative, and the target population of this study was comprised of all the undergraduate female students studying art and mathematics at the art and architecture faculty and Payambar Azam Educational Complex of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch. Via relative stratified sampling, 662 female students were chosen from the target population. These students were studying in the second semester of the Iranian school year 87-88. To assess the thinking styles and sensation seeking of the participants, Sternberg’s Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI; Sternberg, 1997a) and Arnett’s Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS; Arnett, 1994) were respectively administered. After collecting the data, the hypotheses of the study were tested by independent samples t-test, which resulted in the following findings: (a) judicial, monarchic, hierarchic, global, and local thinking styles in art students are not significantly different from those in mathematics students (p < 0.05), (b) internal thinking style in art students is significantly higher than that in mathematics students (p < 0.01), (c) external thinking style in mathematics students is significantly higher than that in art students (p < 0.05), (d) executive and conservative thinking styles in mathematics students are significantly higher than those in art students(p < 0.01), (e) anarchic (p < 0.05) and legislative, oligarchic, and liberal (p < 0.01) thinking styles in art students are significantly higher than those in mathematics students, and (f) sensation seeking in art students is significantly higher than that in mathematics students (p < 0.01).
S. Jabalameli; H. T. Neshat Doost; M. Bagher kajbaf; H. Molavi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Islamic psychotherapy on Quality of Life (QOL) and anxiety in persons with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD).The design of this research was with pretest, and posttest thirty participants control group design with GAD were selected randomly ...
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Islamic psychotherapy on Quality of Life (QOL) and anxiety in persons with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD).The design of this research was with pretest, and posttest thirty participants control group design with GAD were selected randomly and then assigned into an experimental (n=15) and a control (n=15) group, randomly. The experimental group received the Islamic psychotherapy in 8 sessions. For collecting data the demographic questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were completed by all participants at pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed in SPSS15 using MANOVA. The results showed that the mean scores of QOL in experimental group have been increased significantly than control group at posttest (P<0.05) and the mean scores of anxiety in experimental group have been decreased significantly than control group at posttest (P<0.05). According to the results of this research the Islamic psychotherapy is effective for improving quality of life and decreasing anxiety in perticipants with GAD.
S. Rajabi; M. Narimani; A. Abolghasemi
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was investigating the efficacy of neurofeedback on intellectual functioning and attention of children with dyslexia. The study population included all male dyslexia students, referred to a learning disability center in Ardebil in 1389. From these, 31 person agreed to participate ...
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The main purpose of this study was investigating the efficacy of neurofeedback on intellectual functioning and attention of children with dyslexia. The study population included all male dyslexia students, referred to a learning disability center in Ardebil in 1389. From these, 31 person agreed to participate in this study. Tools used in this study were neurofeedback System (NFT), Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scale (parent form), Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Impaired Reading Test, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised, and a researcher-made questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance showed a significant improvement in the Wechsler post-test, and the two-month follow-up, in real neurofeedback group, compared to mock neurofeedback group. The results also indicated a significant improvement in post-test and follow-up of Continuous Performance Test (i.e. correct responses, error elimination and error present). The results of this study suggested that neurofeedback is an effective and sustainable method to reduce attention problems and increase intelligence of students with dyslexia, compared to the placebo group.
Abstract
Given that some specific phobia, can be arised in the same way as post-traumatic stress disorder, the possibility that specific phobia can be treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing has increased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment by eye movement ...
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Given that some specific phobia, can be arised in the same way as post-traumatic stress disorder, the possibility that specific phobia can be treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing has increased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment by eye movement desensitization and reprocessing to reduce symptoms of specific phobia. This research is a single case study, multiple baselines, with three subjects having specific phobia. The research instrument was a fear questionnaire that participants at baselines and at the end of the second, fourth, sixth and eighth sessions, also in the pursuit of post-treatment period, completed. Results showed that the subjects' scores on the dimension of avoiding specific phobia during the treatment and follow-up, compared with baselines, dropped. Therefore we can say that treatment by eye movement desensitization and reprocessing was effective in reducing symptoms of phobia avoidance.
Abstract
The present study has investigated the sources and domains that give meaning to old people’s life, from their point of view, presence of and search for meaning and the differences between women and men in these components. Old people aged over 60 in Tehran formed the statistical population of this ...
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The present study has investigated the sources and domains that give meaning to old people’s life, from their point of view, presence of and search for meaning and the differences between women and men in these components. Old people aged over 60 in Tehran formed the statistical population of this research. From this population 287 old individuals, aged over 60 years (M: 67.43, Std: 4.75, 54% females), were selected using available sampling method and they completed two instruments of the Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation and Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Chi square and analysis of variance tests were applied to analyze the data. The results showed that “family” (92.3%) and “partnership” (54.7%) are the areas that have been reported most frequently as sources of meaning by old people. Moreover, two new categories of sources of meaning in life have been identified in this study, using content analysis method: “morality” and “the need for social approval”. Old female and male participants differed in the frequency of mentioning some of the sources of meaning and the dimension of search for meaning. These findings have been discussed in the context of developmental and meaning in life theories.
Mohammad Sadegh Montazeri; Shahrokh Makvand Hoseini; Imanollah Bigdeli; Parviz Sabahi
Abstract
The aim of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of Cognitive Bias Modification (Attention and Approach Bias to Cigarette)to reduce the cigarette dependence in smokers. A randomized control group design, with pretest-posttest and two follow-ups, was applied. The study population included ...
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The aim of the present study was investigating the effectiveness of Cognitive Bias Modification (Attention and Approach Bias to Cigarette)to reduce the cigarette dependence in smokers. A randomized control group design, with pretest-posttest and two follow-ups, was applied. The study population included all of the male smokers in the Summer of 2016 in Gorgan city. A number of 60 eligible adult smokers were selected according to a specific inclusion and exclusion criteria of the research and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. For assessing the variables, the Tasks for Assessment Implicit Cognitions (Approach-Avoidance Task, Attentional-Bias Assessment, and Implicit-Association Task), and, the Fagerstrom Questionnaire for Assessment of Cigarette Dependence were administered to the two groups. The experimental group then received 10 sessions (twice weekly) of training in Implicit Cognitions (Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) and Attentional-Bias Modification (ABM), whereas the control group (placebo) received an intervention-like activity. A Multivariate Analysis of Covariance showed significant differences between the two groups in Fagerstrom, Questionnaire, the Approach-Avoidance Task and the Attention-Bias Modification, in posttest and two follow up stages. However, there was not a significant difference in the Implicit-Association Task between groups. It could be concluded that the Cognitive-Bias Modification effectively reduces the cigarette dependency in adults, through modification of Approach-Avoidance Task and Attentional-Bias Assessment, which is highly recommended for smoking cessation interventions.
mahboobe mahmoodnejad; Ahmad Karbalaie Mohammad Meigooni; mehrdad sabet
Abstract
IntoductionChild labor is a prevalent global public health and human rights problem. Many children work to ensure the survival of their families and themselves. Furthermore, child labor today leads to poverty tomorrow: Child labor perpetuates poverty and results in intergenerational poverty traps. Yet, ...
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IntoductionChild labor is a prevalent global public health and human rights problem. Many children work to ensure the survival of their families and themselves. Furthermore, child labor today leads to poverty tomorrow: Child labor perpetuates poverty and results in intergenerational poverty traps. Yet, policies banning child labor, even if they can be implemented, might harm the welfare of children and their families rather than help. It puts children at risk for acute and chronic health problems and thwarts the right to freely choose economic opportunities. Economical abuse can best be defined as hiring a child for a work in which his rights are infringed, low payment is made, and his personal development is hindered. As expected, in a short span of time child workers have been employed in industries, which has led a disturbance in the physical, sensorial, kinesthetic, social, medical and moral development and his right for education has been disregarded. That has brought about children being prone to every threat, for they have adopted all the negative experiences and way of behaving in the work life. The short-term effects of childhood trauma include disruptions in interpersonal relationships and psychological problems. Moreover, childhood trauma may interfere with the development of emotional self-regulation, leaving children at risk for a number of negative outcomes including violence preparation. It is recognized that childhood trauma can lead to suicidal ideation and behavior. There is evidence that aggression and violence are important correlates of suicidal behavior. Childhood trauma and aggressive traits are considered risk factors for suicidal behavior. The aim of current study is prediction of suicidal ideation and interpersonal violence among labor children based on childhood trauma, emotion regulation difficulties and callous-unemotional traits. MethodThis study utilized a descriptive correlational design. The sample includes 150 person of 12-17-years-old labor children of Tehran, in Summer and autumn of 1395. All participants answered to the Suicide Cognitions Scale, State and Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Difficulties Scale and Callous-Unemotional Traits Inventory. ResultsData analysis through multivariate regression showed that lack of sympathy, limited access to emotion regulation strategies and neglect predict significantly suicidal ideation and callous, difficulties engaging in goal directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, lack of emotional clarity and emotional abuse positively predict interpersonal violence. ConclusionsHence, it is proposed to focus on the environments in which these children grow, in particular their family environments, and on interactions between parents and children that may indicate negligence and insult to the child.
Seyed Mohammad Musavi; Hossein Samavatyan; Aboulghasem Nouri
Abstract
Introduction The entry of women into the workplace has changed the traditional roles of the family, which can cause instability and marital conflicts in the dual-career couples. The purpose of the present study sought to study simultaneously the quality of work life and the enrichment of marital life ...
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Introduction The entry of women into the workplace has changed the traditional roles of the family, which can cause instability and marital conflicts in the dual-career couples. The purpose of the present study sought to study simultaneously the quality of work life and the enrichment of marital life on marital conflicts and marital instability of dual- career couples in Illam. Method The design of this research is quasi-experimental, with pre-test, post-test, and fallow-up with control group. The statistical population includes all married couples from the city of Illam who were married from the beginning of March 2012 to the beginning of March 2017, and have goverment jobs. For this purpose, 80 (40 couples) of dual- career couples were selected usingmulti-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group received Quality of Work Life and Relationship Enhancement programs together, during the 13 sessions of 90 minutes. The instruments of this study were Marital Conflict Questionnaire and Marriage Instability Index. Results The results show that simultaneously the quality of work life and the enrichment of marital life training have been able to reduce marital conflicts (F = 17.78, p < 0.01) and marital instability (F = 41.03, p < 0.01). The marital life enrichment training reduced family conflict and instability by improving family interaction. The quality of work life training also contributed to the improvement of the work environment, which reduced the contradictions and conflicts in the workplace. Discussion Therefore, the simultaneous training of working life quality and enriching marital life prevent overflowing work and family problems. This also improves relationships in the family and work, and as a result reduce marital conflicts and instability. Then, the simultaneous training of working life quality and enriching marital life can reduce dual-career couples’ family conflicts and instability.
zahra mansurnejad; mokhtar malekpour; Amir ghamarani; Ahmad Yar Mohammadian
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of self- determination skills training on satisfaction basic psychological needs (Autonomy, Competence and Relatedness) of students with externalized behavioral problems. Research method was quasi experimental with pre and post- test and ...
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of self- determination skills training on satisfaction basic psychological needs (Autonomy, Competence and Relatedness) of students with externalized behavioral problems. Research method was quasi experimental with pre and post- test and control group. To achieve our goals, Thirty students who received high scores in Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were selected and randomly assigned to experimental group ( N=15) and control group (N=15). Students in experimental group participated in 10 sessions (1 session in a week) receiving self-determination skills intervention, and the control group did not meet any training. Basic psychological needs questionnaire by participants before and after intervention was completed. Analysis of mancova was used for data analysis. The findings showed that self- determination skills training has positive effect on need for autonomy, relatedness and competence. In general research finding supported self-determination theory and indicated that self- determination skills training has positive effect on basic psychological needs satisfaction.
mohammadjavad bagean koulemarz; jahangir Karami; Khodamorad Momeni; adele elahi
Abstract
AbstractThis research carried out with the aim of the effectiveness of integration Dialectical Behavior Therapy based on compassionate mind on reduction of cognitive reactivity and motivations for suicide attempts in people attempted suicide. In this study the experimental study method was used with ...
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AbstractThis research carried out with the aim of the effectiveness of integration Dialectical Behavior Therapy based on compassionate mind on reduction of cognitive reactivity and motivations for suicide attempts in people attempted suicide. In this study the experimental study method was used with the design of pretest- posttest control groups. The statistical sample of this study consisted of 26 suicide attempters who volunteered participating in the intervention that were selected by random sampling method and were assigned randomly into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 14 sessions of integration of Dialectical Behavior Therapy based on compassionate mind. The subjects of the experimental and control groups in the pretest and posttest stages completed the Cognitive Reactivity Questionnaire and Inventory of Motivations for Suicide Attempts. In order to follow the ethical considerations, 10 group counseling sessions were held for the group members of waiting list. The gathered data were analyzed applying the software of SPSS-21 and in the method of Univariate covariance (ANCOVA). The results of Univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) indicated that the integration Therapy effective on cognitive reactivity and motivations for suicide attempts (P ≤ 0.001). According to the results obtained on effectiveness of the integration of Dialectical Behavior Therapy based on compassionate mind on reduction of the components of cognitive reactivity and motivations for Suicide attempts, this intervention can be used along with the Medical treatment and other evidenced based treatments for people attempted suicide as a useful and complementary therapeutic method.
Nikta Boroomandian; Nurallah Mohammadi; Changiz Rahimi Taghanaki
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents experience more positive and negative emotions and emotional fluctuations in comparison to children and adults, so emotion regulation is more important in these ages. In this regard, emotional awareness, as a component and prerequisite of adaptive emotional regulation, is defined ...
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Introduction Adolescents experience more positive and negative emotions and emotional fluctuations in comparison to children and adults, so emotion regulation is more important in these ages. In this regard, emotional awareness, as a component and prerequisite of adaptive emotional regulation, is defined as the ability to focus on emotions, understanding its type and source, distinguishing positive and negative emotions in oneself and others. The purpose of this study was comparing the effects of group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama methods, on emotional awareness in adolescent girls with psychological distress. Method The method of present study was an experimental research, a pretest-posttest design with control group. The participants of this study were consisted of 33 female students (aged 14-16) with psychological distress in academic year 2016-2017. They were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly assigned into three equal groups. Intervention was conducted in 10 sessions of 2-hour group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama, and participants were tested at baseline and post-treatment stages by two questionnaires, Kessler Psychological Distress (K-10) and Riffe Emotional Awareness (EAQ-30). The Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance ANCOVA and MANCOVAmethods. Results Statistical analysis results showed that group therapy, based on interaction and psychodrama methods, had a significant effect on increasing emotional self-awareness (Eta=0.50), it’s components including differentiating emotions (Eta=0.25) and verbal sharing (Eta=0.42) and reducing psychological distress (Eta=0.33) in adolescents. In comparison only psychodrama was significantly effective on improving bodily awareness component (Eta=0.35). The finding generally showed that group therapy based on interaction and psychodrama methods in addition to helping adolescents’ psychological well-being is also effective in improving their emotional self-awareness. Discussion Group therapy as an effective and economic way of therapy can help to improve the emotional self-awareness, emotional regulation and psychological well-being. It can be used at different levels of prevention and treatment of various disorders in society’s different groups, especially adolescents.
Volume 23, Issue 1 , June 2016, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
Depression as a usual disorder in coronary heart disease decreases mental health and ejection fraction of these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of individual and group cognitive-behavioral therapies on depression decrease and ejection fraction increase in coronary ...
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Depression as a usual disorder in coronary heart disease decreases mental health and ejection fraction of these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of individual and group cognitive-behavioral therapies on depression decrease and ejection fraction increase in coronary heart disease, and to compare the two psychotherapy methods. Subjects were coronary heart disease patients between ages of 30 to 60 with medium or severe depression. The subjects were randomly assigned to three matched groups, including two experimental groups for individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (n=20) and group cognitive-behavior therapy (n=16) and a control group (n=20). The control group received no psychological treatment. The patients were selected using available sampling method. All participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, as well as, Ejection Fraction Test as pre-tests and post-tests. Data was analyzed using repeated measures and Scheffé test. Individual and group cognitive-behavioral therapies had significant effects on depression reduction, but they had no effect on ejection fraction increase in coronary heart disease patients. Regarding to depression reduction, there was no significant difference between the two methods. Individual and group cognitive-behavioral therapies can reduce the rate of depression and lessen the need to psychiatric drugs in coronary heart disease patients.
Shima Nematollahi; Fatemeh Borazjan; Gholam Reza Pishdad; Mehrnoosh Zakerkish; Foroogh Namjoyan; Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
Abstract
IntroductionIncreased prevalence of diabetes due to increased unhealthy eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle increases inflammation and imbalance of glycemic status and consequently decreases the quality of life. MethodA randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 50 patients with ...
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IntroductionIncreased prevalence of diabetes due to increased unhealthy eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle increases inflammation and imbalance of glycemic status and consequently decreases the quality of life. MethodA randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 50 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants in the intervention group who received 3 capsules of 500 mg (300 mg of berberine + 200 mg of fenugreek seed powder) or a placebo daily for 12 weeks were randomly selected. Results68% of each study group was female. Most dimensions of quality of life were significantly increased in the intervention group and the placebo group at the end of the study was significant in only 3 of the dimensions. The mean physical component summary score (PCS) from baseline to week 12 was significantly approximately similar in the intervention and placebo groups. In contrast, the mean changes within the group's mental component summary score (MCS) at the beginning of the study in the intervention group (P = 0.001) were greater than the placebo group (P = 0.4). While no significant relationship was observed between the two groups at the beginning and end of the intervention. DiscussionThe current study assessed for the first time the combined effect of berberine and fenugreek seed on glycemic indices, inflammatory factors, lipid profiles health-related quality of life in T2DM patients. One of the main reasons for the difference in the results of this study and the lack of significant effect following supplementation with berberine and fenugreek on various factors, unlike the results of previous studies, was related to the dose used. We used the lower dose of these two plants with the aim of better gastrointestinal tolerance, and it seems that this dose does not have a significant effect on some biochemical factors. Diabetes obviously could affect both the health and quality of life of patients. Likewise, type 2 diabetes patients have a lower quality of life than those healthy persons. Accordingly, health-related quality of life would be assessed through several domains including physical and psychological health. In the current study, the SF-12 subscale in the intervention group significantly improved scores for general health (GH), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), physical functioning (PH), Role physical (RP), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE), physical component summary (PCS) score and also increased the mental component summary (MCS) score. Similarly, in other clinical studies, intervention with herbal medicine, date, and synbiotics augmented the quality of life scores for some of the subscales. The finding of a recent Meta-analysis showed physiological or clinical outcomes, and westernize diet was associated with the QOL of type 2 diabetes patients. The combination of berberine and fenugreek seeds can improve the quality of life in diabetic patients by improving their metabolic status, so it can support the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory role of berberine and fenugreek seeds.
Fateme Mazaheri Tehrani; Saed Ghanbari; Jalil Fathabadi; Omid Shokri; Masoud Sharifi
Abstract
IntroductionLearning disorders are one of the considerable topics in educational psychology. Children with learning disabilities experience more emotional problems than their peers. Hence, there will be more challenges for the parents of these children, which can add to the complexity of the parenting ...
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IntroductionLearning disorders are one of the considerable topics in educational psychology. Children with learning disabilities experience more emotional problems than their peers. Hence, there will be more challenges for the parents of these children, which can add to the complexity of the parenting experience. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the main elements in the lived experience of mothers of children with learning disabilities of the emotional and behavioral problems of their children. MethodIn this research, the phenomenological research method was used to investigate the lived experience of mothers of children with learning disabilities to cope with their children's emotional-behavioral problems. Therefore, among the clients of learning disability treatment centers in Tehran, to the point of saturation, 14 mothers of children with learning disabilities participated in in-depth and semi-structured interviews; After recording and transcribing the interviews, the data was analyzed by the Colaizzi method.ResultsIn the analysis of descriptive codes of interviews, 137 primary concepts were extracted. Combining similar concepts created 31 sub-concepts and 7 main concepts. The 7 main concepts are; Social Communication Impairment, Marital Relationship Impairment, Challenging Parenting, Inefficient Education System, Decrease in psychologically rich life, Experience of Negative Emotions, and Physical-Psychological Problems. DiscussionThe concepts found in the study showed that mothers of children with learning disabilities face many difficulties due to their children's academic and emotional-behavioral problems that lead to the experience of feelings of burnout in parenting and require social and clinical attention.
N Sohrabi; M Shehni Yailagh; J HaghighI; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
Volume 16, Issue 2 , December 2009, , Pages 3-36
Abstract
The present study was performed with the purpose of predicting group membership of talented and ordinary university students from variables, such as intelligence, creativity, personality, emotional intelligence and teaching-self-regulation strategies. In this study 5 variables, intelligence, personality ...
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The present study was performed with the purpose of predicting group membership of talented and ordinary university students from variables, such as intelligence, creativity, personality, emotional intelligence and teaching-self-regulation strategies. In this study 5 variables, intelligence, personality with 5 sub-scales, creativity with 4 sub-scales, emotional intelligence with 15 sub-scales and teaching-self-regulation strategies with 15 sub-scales, were used to predict talented students from ordinary ones. Five questionnaires were used in this study, including Cattle Intelligence Scale, Abedi Creativity Test, Revised NEO Personality Scale, Bar-On EQ Scale, and Motivational Regulation Strategies Questionnaire. The population of this study consisted of talented and non-talented students of Shahid Chamran University, in Ahvaz. The samples were selected randomly, consisting 197 talented female and male university students and 201 ordinary female and male university students. To test the hypotheses and predict group membership, Discriminant Analysis was used. Using the Enter Method, the results showed that the difference between the two groups of talented and ordinary students in 30 sub-scales, from 40 sub-scales, was significant at p<.05, indicating that the variables predicted group membership in talented and ordinary students. Also, with the use of Stepwise Method 8 sub-scales, from 40 sub-scales, remained significant.
B. Ghobari Bonab; M. Rafiekhah; M. Mohajerani
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 1-14
Abstract
Distressful events can either lead to post traumatic stress disorders or post traumatic growth depending on individual’s characteristics or the magnitude of environmental and social supports. The current study was conducted to investigate the relation between attachment to God, Perceived social ...
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Distressful events can either lead to post traumatic stress disorders or post traumatic growth depending on individual’s characteristics or the magnitude of environmental and social supports. The current study was conducted to investigate the relation between attachment to God, Perceived social support, and post traumatic growth in mothers of children with physical disabilities. To fulfill the stated goal 108 mothers of children with physical disabilities who had experienced at least one traumatic event were selected by means of accessible sampling procedure and the following measures were given to them to respond as honestly as they could: Attachment to God inventory, perceived social support, and post traumatic growth (PTG). Results showed that between a secure attachment to God and two subdomains of social support (i.e. family support, and support of special individuals) and feelings of short comings with post traumatic growth a significant relationship existed. Results indicated that a secure attachment of God and social supports were two important variables that effect post traumatic growth in people with changing individuals reactions and interpretation of daily incidences.
A. Azimpour; A. Neisi; N. Arshadi; M. Shehni Yailagh; K. Beshlideh
Volume 19, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 15-44
Abstract
The aim of this study was designing and testing a model for precedents of prosocial behavior in students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. In this model, empathy is independent variable that directly and indirectly predicted prosocial behaviors by mediation of religiosity, moral identity and prosocial ...
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The aim of this study was designing and testing a model for precedents of prosocial behavior in students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. In this model, empathy is independent variable that directly and indirectly predicted prosocial behaviors by mediation of religiosity, moral identity and prosocial moral reasoning using AMOS. 438 undergraduate students were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used for testing the proposed model. Results showed that the direct paths from empathy to prosocial behavior, empathy to prosocial reasoning, religiosity to prosocial behavior, and prosocial reasoning to prosocial behavior were non-significant. After omitting, non-significant paths, the model fitted the data properly.
