نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی کیفیت روابط مادر- کودک بر اساس ابعاد خردمندی و احساس تنهایی اجتماعی-عاطفی با میانجی‌گری فقدان لذت‌جویی در مادران کودکان اتیسم مبتلا به شهر اهواز بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل کلیه مادران دارای کودکان اتیسم در شهر اهواز بوده که 200 نفر از این مادران به روش در دسترس از مدارس کودکان اتیسم انتخاب و مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسش‌نامه‌های کیفیت روابط مادر- کودک پیانتا (1994)، پرسش‌نامه سه بعدی خردمندی آردلت (2003)، فرم کوتاه‌شده مقیاس احساس تنهایی اجتماعی-عاطفی بزرگسالان دیتوماسو و همکاران (2004) و پرسش‌نامه فقدان لذت‌جویی سنایت و همکاران (1995) بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مسیر استفاده شد. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان دادند بین همه ضرایب مسیر به جز احساس تنهایی خانوادگی به کیفیت روابط مادر- کودک، بعد عاطفی خردمندی به فقدان لذت‌جویی، احساس تنهایی رمانتیک به فقدان لذت‌جویی و احساس تنهایی اجتماعی به فقدان لذت‌جویی معنی‌دار بودند. همچنین در نتایج نیز مشخص شد بین بعد شناختی و انعکاسی خردمندی، و احساس تنهایی خانوادگی، با کیفیت روابط مادر- کودک از طریق میانجی‌گری فقدان لذت‌جویی رابطه غیر‌مستقیم وجود دارد. اما بین بعد عاطفی خردمندی، و احساس تنهایی رمانتیک و احساس تنهایی اجتماعی، با کیفیت روابط مادر- کودک از طریق میانجی‌گری فقدان لذت‌جویی رابطه غیر‌مستقیم مشاهده نشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Designing a quality model for mother-child relationships based on the dimensions of wisdom and feeling of social-emotional loneliness with the mediation of the lack of pleasure in mothers of children with autism in Ahvaz
نویسندگان [English]
- Leila Ghasemi 1
- Sahar Safarzadeh 2
1 MA, Department of Educational Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction
Considering the course of world developments due to modernization and technological advancement, the 21st century man has undeniably witnessed many changes in the lifestyle and human relationships, which have caused many changes in the quality of life. Due to such changes, the type of interaction of people in the context of the family and sometimes in the society is not unaffected and it shows its effects in different ways. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the quality of parent-child relationships in the etiology of children's behavioral problems and morbid fears. In many researches, the psychological characteristics of the mother in causing the child's behavioral problems and disorders such as children's autism have been the focus of researchers. In this, the psychological characteristics of the mother, such as the relationship she has with the child and the lack of pleasure-seeking, play an important role. Therefore, this examination of the different dimensions and conditions of parent-child relationships in children with autism and autism is very necessary.
The aim of this study was to design the quality of mother-child relationships based on the dimensions of wisdom and social-emotional loneliness strategies mediated by the lack of pleasure in mothers of children with autism in Ahvaz.
Method
The statistical population of the present study was all mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz and the sample consisted of 200 mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz, who were selected and tested by the available method of autism children's schools. The Structural Equations and Research Tools Research Project includes Quantum Mother-Child Quality Questionnaires (1994), Ardlett's Wise Three-Dimensional Questionnaire (2003), an abbreviated form of the Detomaso et al. and the Questionnaire of Lack of Pleasure by Senate et al. (1995). Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results
The results showed that there is a direct relationship between cognitive, reflective and emotional dimension of wisdom and quality of mother-child relationships.There is a direct relationship between the feeling of romantic and social loneliness and the quality of mother-child relationships, but this direct relationship with family loneliness was not significant. There is also a direct relationship between cognitive dimension, wisdom reflection and lack of pleasure, but the direct relationship between emotional dimension of intelligence and lack of pleasure was not significant. There is a direct relationship between the feeling of family loneliness and the lack of pleasure, but this direct relationship was not significant with the feeling of romantic and social loneliness. At the same time, there is a significant direct relationship between lack of pleasure and quality of mother-child relationships. The results also found that there was an indirect relationship between cognitive dimension and reflexivity, sense of family loneliness, of mother-child relationships through mediated lack of pleasure. Also, during the research results, the suitability of the research model was confirmed.
Discussion
According to the obtained results, it is suggested that the educational program and specialized workshops in the field of increasing the skills of parents' behavior with autistic children or increasing the feeling of pleasure-seeking should be organized by experienced psychologists in educational environments as well as schools. It is also suggested that by creating associations for autistic children and participating in the associations, steps should be taken towards supporting the minimum capabilities and getting familiar with other different behavioral characteristics in these children, and in this way, the level of dependence of the autistic child on the mother will be reduced and Based on the minimum ability seen in these children, a suitable productivity program of their time and life can be set and implemented.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Maternal-Child Relationship Quality
- Wisdom
- Feeling of Social-Emotional Loneliness
- Lack of Pleasure
- Mothers of Children with Autism
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