نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• امیرسلیمان شهبازی ¹
• فهیمه نامدارپور ²
• مریم شریف دوست ³

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد خمینی شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران.

² استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران.

³ استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد خمینی شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل کیفی روابط زوجی زنان متأهل اقدام‌کننده به خودکشی در شهرستان بویراحمد انجام گرفت. روش پژوهش کیفی، از نوع تحلیل مضمون بود. جامعه آماری شامل زنان متأهل تحت پوشش کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) شهرستان بویراحمد بوده که تجربه خودکشی ناموفق داشتند. از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد و تعداد نمونه به اندازه‌ای انتخاب شد که عناصر اساسی مطالعه به حد اشباع رسید، به این صورت که پس از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 15 نفر، پاسخ‌های آنها به حالت اشباع رسید و مضامین اصلی موردنظر استخراج گردید. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل مضمون به شیوه کلایزی استفاده شد و کدگذاری، خوشه‌بندی واحدهای مرتبط و استخراج مضمون‌های اصلی انجام شد. این تحلیل به شناسایی، 16 زیرمضمون و 6 مضمون اصلی انجامید که عناصر و مولفه‌های روابط زوجی موثر بر اقدام به خودکشی زنان متأهل بوده‌اند. این مضامین عبارت‌ بودند از: عدم حمایت، شک و بدبینی، خیانت، خشونت، ضعف مهارت-های ارتباطی و پریشانی و اختلالات روانشناختی زوجین. پیشنهاد می‌شود به مردانی که همسرانشان تجربه خودکشی ناموفق داشته‌اند، آموزش‌هایی توسط سازمان‌های آموزشی و بهداشتی در حین بیماری و بهبودی همسرشان ارائه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اقدام به خودکشی
• تحلیل تماتیک
• روابط زوجی
• زنان متاهل

موضوعات

• روان‌شناسی خانواده‌

عنوان مقاله [English]

Thematic Analysis of Marital Relationships of Married Women Attempting Suicide in Boyer-Ahmad County

نویسندگان [English]

• Amir Solaman Shahbazi ¹
• Fahimeh Namdarpour ²
• Maryam Sharifdoust ³

¹ 1- Ph.D. Student, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Isfahan, Iran.

² Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Isfahan, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, College of Humanities, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
According to the World Health Organization (2021), for every 100,000 people in the world, about 12 people die by suicide every year, and this rate will remain constant until 2030. The latest reports indicate that the suicide rate in Iran is estimated at 6.8%, which is lower than the global rate and ranks 58th among countries in the world, and on average, about 10 suicides occur in Iran every day. Among the provinces, the highest suicide rate in the provinces of Ilam, Hamedan, Kohgiluyeh, Boyer Ahmad and Kermanshah respectively. Suicide attempt is defined as engaging in potentially self-injurious behavior in which there is at least the intent to die. The suicide attempt of married women is related to many socio-economic, cultural, physical, psychological and environmental factors that can act as potential stressors. For example, women experience limited autonomy, systematic discrimination, low social status, gender inequality, financial dependence, gender-based violence, and lack of education and opportunities, which may exert higher or different psychosocial stressors. This study thematic analyzed the marital relationships of married women attempting suicide in Boyer-Ahmad County.

Method
This qualitative research has analyzed the experience of suicide attempters with the thematic approach and the Colaizzi method. A theme is a phrase or extended statement that specifies what a unit of data means and is about. Some researchers consider theme to be an acceptable replacement for terms such as category, phrase, and unit of analysis, stating that theme is an abstract term that gives meaning to a structured (repeated) experience and its various manifestations. Unlike most existing approaches to content analysis, which are usually based on predetermined categories, theme analysis allows themes to be extracted from the heart of the data. The statistical population included 200 married women covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Boyer-Ahmad County who had an unsuccessful suicide attempt. Using purposive sampling, the following inclusion criteria were used to select participants in this study: 1) They were volunteers to participate in the study and had the necessary ability to express their experiences, 2) The participants were married and had at least two years of experience living together, 3) Both couples were residents of Yasuj, 4) They had an unsuccessful suicide attempt during their relationship, and 5) Their suicide attempt was confirmed by relevant authorities (such as social emergency services and hospitals). Exclusion criteria included: their husband's lack of consent for the interview and a long history of hospitalization in psychiatric hospitals. In order to ensure data validity, there was continuous communication with the subject, research data, and participants; in addition, the initial extracted codes were reviewed and approved by experienced and specialized individuals (including two psychologists, two sociologists, two doctoral students, and a qualitative analyst), and the final decision regarding codes that did not fit into a category was made by a university faculty member (including the supervisor).
Results
The results showed that 73.3% of married women who committed suicide attempted suicide more than once; "pill poisoning", "hanging" and "self-immolation" methods were common respectively methods to get rid of themselves. The analysis of the interviews showed that the elements and components of marital relationships affecting the suicide of married women include the following six main themes: lack of support, betrayal, violence, weak communication skills, and psychological disorders.

Discussion
A study of the couple relationships of women who attempt suicide showed that different components and variables can be influential, but the most obvious of them can be considered the breakdown of emotional relationships and the loss of the thread of trust between the couple. Couples who are in such situations show greater vulnerability and ultimately suffer irreparable consequences. Therefore, training in emotional skills and problem-solving for vulnerable couples can be the focus of attention. According to the three-stage theory of "ideation for suicide attempt", four factors play a decisive role in suicide attempts, one of which is lack of attachment; this theory well explains the lack of emotional dependence (love) of couples to each other, which is the basis for suicide attempts, and can provide a solution in this regard.

Keywords: Marital Relationships, Married Women, Thematic Analysis, Suicide attempt.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Marital Relationships
• Married Women
• Thematic Analysis
• Suicide Attempt