H. Ahadi; F. Khoeini; A. Delaver
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 1-18
Abstract
The present research aimed at comparing the thinking styles and sensation seeking in undergraduate art and mathematics students. The type of research was causal-comparative, and the target population of this study was comprised of all the undergraduate female students studying art and mathematics at ...
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The present research aimed at comparing the thinking styles and sensation seeking in undergraduate art and mathematics students. The type of research was causal-comparative, and the target population of this study was comprised of all the undergraduate female students studying art and mathematics at the art and architecture faculty and Payambar Azam Educational Complex of Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch. Via relative stratified sampling, 662 female students were chosen from the target population. These students were studying in the second semester of the Iranian school year 87-88. To assess the thinking styles and sensation seeking of the participants, Sternberg’s Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI; Sternberg, 1997a) and Arnett’s Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS; Arnett, 1994) were respectively administered. After collecting the data, the hypotheses of the study were tested by independent samples t-test, which resulted in the following findings: (a) judicial, monarchic, hierarchic, global, and local thinking styles in art students are not significantly different from those in mathematics students (p < 0.05), (b) internal thinking style in art students is significantly higher than that in mathematics students (p < 0.01), (c) external thinking style in mathematics students is significantly higher than that in art students (p < 0.05), (d) executive and conservative thinking styles in mathematics students are significantly higher than those in art students(p < 0.01), (e) anarchic (p < 0.05) and legislative, oligarchic, and liberal (p < 0.01) thinking styles in art students are significantly higher than those in mathematics students, and (f) sensation seeking in art students is significantly higher than that in mathematics students (p < 0.01).
S. Zafari; A. Hajiyakhchali; M. Shehniyailagh
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 19-38
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship of some of the important antecedents (social status, social responsibility goal, feeling of school belonging, social efficacy with peer and social efficacy with teacher) with social goal orientation components of female 4th grade high school students in ...
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The present study investigated the relationship of some of the important antecedents (social status, social responsibility goal, feeling of school belonging, social efficacy with peer and social efficacy with teacher) with social goal orientation components of female 4th grade high school students in Ahwaz. The population of this study consisted of female high school students (1390-91) in Ahwaz. The sample of this study comprised of 300 female four-grade students who were selected randomly by multi-stage random sampling method. The instruments for collecting data consisted of Social Achievement Goals, Social Responsibility Goal, Social Status Goal, School Belonging, Social Efficacy with Peers, and Social Efficacy with Teacher Scales. Results of Canonical Analysis showed that linear combination of predictive variables (social status, social responsibility goal, sense of school belonging, social efficacy with teacher and social efficacy with peer) with a linear combination of social goal orientation components (mastery, performance-approach and performance-avoidance) is associated. The regression analysis also revealed that social status, social efficacy with peer and social responsibility goal have important roles in predicting social mastery goal. The Results also revealed that social status, social efficacy with teacher and social responsibility goal have important roles in predicting social performance-approach goal. Also, social status and social efficacy with peer have important roles in predicting social performance-avoidance goal.
R. Khorsandi; H. Hadianfard; M. A. Goodarzi; N. Mohammadi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 39-60
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of rumination and reflection and their dimensions (private and public) as predictor variables in depression. Participants included 129 individuals (67 women, 62 men) with different severities of depression and normal people. Depressed subjects were selected ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the role of rumination and reflection and their dimensions (private and public) as predictor variables in depression. Participants included 129 individuals (67 women, 62 men) with different severities of depression and normal people. Depressed subjects were selected through judgmental sampling from clients of psychiatric hospitals or counseling clinics of Shiraz. Normal subjects were selected from people who had no mental disorder, based on a clinical interview and Beck Depression Inventory II. The participants completed the revised version of Rumination - Reflection Inventory (Fleckhammer, 2004), which is consisted of private and public subscales. Correlation and multiple regressions were conducted in two steps. First, total rumination and reflection were entered in the equation. The results showed that, there are positive and significant correlation between depression and total rumination, and negative and significant correlation between depression and reflection, between total rumination and total reflection (p < 0.01). The result of multiple regression showed that total rumination predicted, positively and significantly, total depression (p < 0.0005). Also, reflection predicted, negatively and significantly, total depression (p < 0.0005). At the second stage, public and private rumination and reflection were entered in the equation. The results showed that, there are significant and positive correlation between depression and private and public rumination, and significant and negative correlation between depression and public and private reflection (p < 0.01). The result of multiple regression showed that public rumination (p < 0.001) and private rumination (p < 0.0005), positively and significantly, predicted total depression. Private reflection, negatively and significantly, predicted total depression (p < 0.0005), but public reflection did not predict depression
A. Talebpour; A. Nassi; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand; M. Shehni Yailagh; S. Bassaknejad
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 61-78
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of group parent-child- interaction therapy with mother – alone and mother-child particpants, in reducing symptoms of separation anxiety disorder. The statistical population was male students from 7 to 9 year-old with separation anxiety disorder studing in primary ...
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This study evaluated the efficacy of group parent-child- interaction therapy with mother – alone and mother-child particpants, in reducing symptoms of separation anxiety disorder. The statistical population was male students from 7 to 9 year-old with separation anxiety disorder studing in primary schools of Isfahan. They were diagnosed as having separation anxiety disorder at the epidemiological study stage. Therefore, among all of them 45 cases were randomly selected and divided into 3 groups (two experimental and one control group). The experimental method with pretest-posttest and followed up with a control group design was used. Espada et al Separation Anxiety Inventory and clinical interview for assessment of children were used. Experimental groups (including mothers with their children's and mothers alone) were treated in 10 sessions based on parent-child interaction therapy. After the intervention, separation anxiety was measured in three groups (experimental and control group). After 8 weeks, the follow-up tests were administered. The Results of covariance analysis and follow up Bonferni test indicates a significant difference was between separation anxiety in experimental groups and control group. The effect of treatment was maintaines 8 weeks later.
M. Aliakbari; A. Sharifi; M. Sahragard
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 79-90
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to examine psychometric properties of BFQ-C in Iranians sample. 445 students from 8 to 14 years of old in primary and secondary schools in of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, were selected by multistage cluster sampling and with the Big Five Personality Questionnaire ...
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The aim of the present research was to examine psychometric properties of BFQ-C in Iranians sample. 445 students from 8 to 14 years of old in primary and secondary schools in of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, were selected by multistage cluster sampling and with the Big Five Personality Questionnaire for Children were tested. To determine the reliability and validity of questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha test and factor analysis were used. Results showed that the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire using alpha for total scale is 0. 825 and for the subscales is ranging from 0.92 to 0.96. Factor analysis with Maximum Likelihood technique showed that eigen value of only five factors are considerable and explained 60.47% of the total variance. BFQ-C has a clear-cut factor structure, good internal consistency, and sufficient validity in the sample of Iranian students.
Z. Morovati; M. Shehni Yailagh; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand; F. Kianpoor Ghahfarokhi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 91-122
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the casual relationship between perceived constructive learning environment and mathematics performance with mediating role of intrinsic goal orientation, task value, attitude toward mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy of male junior high school students ...
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the casual relationship between perceived constructive learning environment and mathematics performance with mediating role of intrinsic goal orientation, task value, attitude toward mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy of male junior high school students in Ahvaz. The population in this study was all of the students who are studying in 1388-89 academic year. From this population 300 students were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. The research instruments were Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES), Mathematics Self-Efficacy Survey, Attitude toward Mathematics Inventory (ATMI), and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The proposed model of the relationships between variables was tested using structural equation modeling. According to the results, the proposed model had an acceptable fitness regarding the fitness indices. Other results revealed that perceived constructive learning environment had direct relationship with mathematics performance, and was indirectly related, through intrinsic goal orientation, task value, attitude toward mathematics and mathematics self efficacy, to mathematics performance. There was no direct relationship between attitude toward mathematics and mathematics self-efficacy.
S. H. Ahamadi Forushani; F. Yazdkhasti
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 123-138
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationsihp between religious attitude, mental health, happiness and pleasure in students. The sample of this study were 128 university students in Isfahan that selected by cluster sampling. Religious Attitude Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationsihp between religious attitude, mental health, happiness and pleasure in students. The sample of this study were 128 university students in Isfahan that selected by cluster sampling. Religious Attitude Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) were used as instruments of the study. The data was analyzed by path analysis. The results showed that religious attitude was not directly related to mental health and happiness. Mental health was directly related to happiness. Happiness was directly related to pleasure. Based on the results of this study, there are significant relationships between mental health, happiness and pleasure in students, but religious attitude was not related to these variables.
P. Hoseini Kokamari; K. Beshlideh; N. Arshadi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 139-164
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of empowerment climate, empowerment leadership behavior, person-job fit, person-organization fit, job characteristic, conscientiousness with psychological empowerment and its dimensions (meaningfulness, competence, self-determination and impact). ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of empowerment climate, empowerment leadership behavior, person-job fit, person-organization fit, job characteristic, conscientiousness with psychological empowerment and its dimensions (meaningfulness, competence, self-determination and impact). The participants include 200 employees of Maroon who were selected by random method. For data collection Scoot and Jaff (1992) Empowerment Climate, Empowerment Leadership Behavior (Ahearne, 2005), Person-Job Fit (Cable & Derue, 2002), Person-Organization Fit (Piasentin and Chapman 2006), Job Characteristic (Hackman, Oldham 1980), Psychological Empowerment (Spritzer Scales, 1995) were used. Results indicated that all of predictive variables were positively correlated too psychological empowerment and its dimensions. Results of Canonical analysis showed that linear combination of predictive variables were positively correlated with linear combination of meaningfulness, competence, self-determination and impact. Moreover, Hierarchical Regression analysis revealed that predictive variables account for 60 percent of variance of psychological empowerment.
S. Ahadi; R. Rostame; H. Frahane
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 165-182
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the investigation the prevalence of probable developmental delays and its related risk factors in 2-5 years children of private kindergartens in Tehran. For this reason, 228 parents of 2-5 year-old children of private kindergartens, under the supervision of the Tehran ...
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The purpose of this research was the investigation the prevalence of probable developmental delays and its related risk factors in 2-5 years children of private kindergartens in Tehran. For this reason, 228 parents of 2-5 year-old children of private kindergartens, under the supervision of the Tehran Welfare Organization, have participated in this research through multistage cluster sampling method. They completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). Research data was analyzed by indicators such as absolute, relative, attributable risk, Fisher’s exact test. The results showed that 61 children (%0/24) have been suspected of developmental delays. The results showed that there were relationship between upper age of child and lower education of father and probable developmental difficulty.
M. Zemestani; I. Davoudi; M. Mehrabizadeh Honarmand; Y. Zargar
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 183-212
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of brief group behavioral activation (BA) and metacognitive therapy (MCT) on depression, anxiety, and cognitive emotional regulation strategies (including self-blame, acceptance, rumination, positive reappraisal and catastrophizing) in University students. ...
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of brief group behavioral activation (BA) and metacognitive therapy (MCT) on depression, anxiety, and cognitive emotional regulation strategies (including self-blame, acceptance, rumination, positive reappraisal and catastrophizing) in University students. In a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, with a control group, 41 bachelor students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, after primary clinical assessment and acquisition of study criteria, were randomly assigned to either BA (n = 13), MCT (n = 14), or a waiting-list control group (n= 14). The treatment groups received treatments in 8 sessions. The Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used for measuring variables, before and after the intervention, and 2-month follow up. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Post hoc pair-wise comparisons showed that both treatments were equally effective for depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, therapeutic techniques differed with regard to their effects on specific facets of emotion regulation, such as Positive Reappraisal and Catastrophizing, with MCT being more effective in modifying this strategies, compared to BA. Therapeutic gains were maintained to some extent over 2-month follow up, except for Acceptance variable, indicating that MCT᾽S therapeutic effects, on this strategy were maintained, comparing to BA. Given the efficacy of both treatments on depression and anxiety symptoms and cognitive emotion regulation strategies, brief BA and MCT could be an alternative for the clients that seek an effective and economic treatments in university counseling centers.
S. A. Marashi
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 213-226
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of religious mourning ceremonies of the first ten days of “Muharram”, on the degree of depression of the ceremonies participants. The under study population consisted of students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year ...
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This study investigates the impact of religious mourning ceremonies of the first ten days of “Muharram”, on the degree of depression of the ceremonies participants. The under study population consisted of students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year 91-92 (2013). 27 students were selected by an accidental-available sampling method. Before the beginning and after the end of the first ten days of “Muharram” pre-test and post-test were carried out respectively. The instrument used in this study was the second version of Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II). The research was a field pre-experimental with pre-test and post-test without a control group. Paired t-test revealed no significant difference between the pre-test and the post-test. In addition, depressed participants had higher scores than the cut-off point in the pre-test) showed a significant reduction in depression scores in the post-test. On the other hand, non-depressed subjects (below the cut-off point in the pre-test) showed no significant difference between the pre-test and the post-test.
M. Hejazi; A. Sobhi; A. Shahnavaz
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 227-244
Abstract
The aim of current investigation was studying mental health of mothers with more than one exceptional child. For this aim 100 mothers from mothers with more than one exceptional child, 150 subjects from mothers with one exceptional child and 200 subjects from mothers with more than one normal child were ...
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The aim of current investigation was studying mental health of mothers with more than one exceptional child. For this aim 100 mothers from mothers with more than one exceptional child, 150 subjects from mothers with one exceptional child and 200 subjects from mothers with more than one normal child were randomly selected. Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used. Analysis of data, using one-way analysis of variance, multiple analysis of variance test, and Tukey test showed that there are significant differences among the three groups, in mental health and it’s subscales’. Mothers with more than one exceptional child have the least mental health status. The results of this study have been discussed and suggestions for future studies have been given.
