H. Zarea; R. Mohammadzadeh
Volume 19, Issue 1 , June 2012, , Pages 117-138
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of personality traits with students achievement motivation. To this end, 350 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method, and the research questionnaires, NEO Inventory and Achievement Motivation Questionnaire, were completed ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of personality traits with students achievement motivation. To this end, 350 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method, and the research questionnaires, NEO Inventory and Achievement Motivation Questionnaire, were completed by them. The findings showed a significant positive relationship between personality traits of extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, of conscientiousness and achievement motivation. In addition, neuroticism was negatively correlated with achievement motivation. Regression analysis showed that there is a significant multiple correlations between personality traits and achievement motivation. Conscientiousness positively and neuroticism negatively predicted achievement motivation.
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of identity style and identity commitment on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic performance. A sample of two hundred and seventy-three unpaid students (135 females and 138 males), aged between ...
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The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of identity style and identity commitment on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic performance. A sample of two hundred and seventy-three unpaid students (135 females and 138 males), aged between 14 and 18 years old (15.77±1.01 years), were selected randomly through multi-stage sampling method in Amol, Iran. All participants were asked to complete the Identity Style Inventory (ISI-3), and Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PANPS). The grade-point average of students was an objective index for academic performance. Using path analysis, the results showed that positive perfectionism had positive direct effect on informative and normative identity styles, identity commitment, and academic performance. However, its direct effect on diffuse-avoidant identity style was negative. Negative perfectionism had positive direct effect on diffuse-avoidant identity style, and negative direct effect on informative identity style and identity commitment. Positive perfectionism, via mediating the informational, normative and diffuse-avoidant identity styles and commitment, had positive effect on academic performance. Negative perfectionism, via mediating the informative and diffuse-avoidant identity styles and commitment, had negative effect on academic performance.
A. Motamedi; M. Y. Seifi; S. Kalantari Meibodi
Volume 17, Issue 1 , June 2010, , Pages 119-140
Abstract
Each learner in a learning environment has some characteristics that are prerequisites of his/her learning. These attributes, are called the input behaviors. One of the factors that the individual brings to learning situation is learning style. According to Patterson and his colleagues (2009) learning ...
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Each learner in a learning environment has some characteristics that are prerequisites of his/her learning. These attributes, are called the input behaviors. One of the factors that the individual brings to learning situation is learning style. According to Patterson and his colleagues (2009) learning styles are psychological processes and preferred strategies for learning. This study followed the impact of parenting typology (combined mother and father parenting style) on learning styles of children. For this a sample of 400 secondary-school students in Isfahan were selected. Then they completed the Kolb Learning Styles Inventory and modified Scheffer's Parenting Styles Inventory. The results of one-way analysis of variance method, and Scheffe's post-hoc test showed that adolescents with family parenting typology, that contain two authoritative parents, have higher scores in concrete experience learning style; adolescents with two authoritarian parents, indifferent mother/indulgent father and indifferent mother/indifferent father, showed higher scores in abstract conceptualization learning style. Eventually, parenting types including two authoritative parents, indulgent mother/authoritative father and indulgent mother/indulgent father, have higher scores in active- examination learning style.
N. Darvishi; S. Bassak Nejad; I. Davoudi; Y. Zargar
Volume 19, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 119-136
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was investigating the effects of Multi-component cognitive-behavioral group-therapy on insomnia, sleep self-efficacy, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and four sleep parameters. The population was day-work personnel of Aghajari Oil and Gas Production Company. The sample ...
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The purpose of the current study was investigating the effects of Multi-component cognitive-behavioral group-therapy on insomnia, sleep self-efficacy, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and four sleep parameters. The population was day-work personnel of Aghajari Oil and Gas Production Company. The sample consisted of 45 employees with insomnia who were selected by multistage random sampling method and assigned to experimental, placebo and waiting list groups. They completed Athens Insomnia Scale, Sleep Log, Perceived Sleep Self-efficacy Scale and Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep. The experimental group received 6 sessions of group therapy. The two control groups received no intervention but placebo group was asked to bring their filled sleep log to six meeting sessions for review. The results of MANCOVA and Benferoni post hoc showed that there were significant reductions on insomnia, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, total time in bed, sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset. Significant increases were observed on sleep self-efficacy and total sleep time of experimental group, in comparison to two control groups in post-test and follow-up. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of total time in bed at follow up. No significant differences were found between the two control groups.
M. Zarghami; R. Walizadeh; K. Beshlideh; M. Ghanbarzadeh
Volume 17, Issue 2 , December 2010, , Pages 121-142
Abstract
The aim of this research was the examination of the effect of 8 weeks aerobic exercise on mental health of Male students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. This is a semi experimental study that was done by incorporating experimental and control groups. Participants in this study were 432 students ...
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The aim of this research was the examination of the effect of 8 weeks aerobic exercise on mental health of Male students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. This is a semi experimental study that was done by incorporating experimental and control groups. Participants in this study were 432 students who had chosen either of the two courses in physical education at Shahid Chamran University during the academic year 2005-6. For evaluation of mental health, the GHQ-28 questionnaire was used. Following their mental health evaluation, with a 1.5 upper standard deviation of mean (mean=58±22.35) 70 students were selected and divided randomly into two groups of experimental (n = 35) and control (n = 35). Statistical analysis of data was done by SPSS16, deploying MANCOVA statistical method. The findings revealed, aerobic exercise has a significant positive effect on mental health depression (p < 0/004) and anxiety (p < 0/005), but it does not have any effect on physical complaint and disorder in social adequacy.
Astera Moloudi; Hasan Abdollahzadeh
Abstract
IntroductionMiddle age is one of the periods or stages of life that has been less discussed in psychological research. However, middle age is said to be a period of life from the age of 45 to 64. One of the most important issues in the middle age period is the midlife crisis. The midlife crisis is an ...
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IntroductionMiddle age is one of the periods or stages of life that has been less discussed in psychological research. However, middle age is said to be a period of life from the age of 45 to 64. One of the most important issues in the middle age period is the midlife crisis. The midlife crisis is an emotional state of doubt and anxiety in which a person becomes uneasy because the person understands that half of his or her life has passed. This usually includes reflections of the way a person has lived so far, and it is usually accompanied by a feeling that his life has not been adequately organized and has not achieved significant results. Accordingly, the present study aimed to identify the midlife crisis among a sample of middle-aged people in Tehran. MethodThe present study was conducted to identify the midlife crisis among a sample of middle-years in Tehran. In this research, qualitative methodology and grounded theory method have been conducted to study the midlife crisis. Participants in this study included all middle-aged people in Tehran. In this study, purposeful and theoretical sampling method was used to select participants and data were collected by using semi-structured interviews. Participants included 9 men with jobs such as (a pilot, a teacher, a freelance job, a taxi driver, a clergyman, an unemployed person, 3 employees) and 8 women with jobs such as (a teacher, a doctor, two employees, a housekeeper, a seller, two tailors). Therefore, the sample size was 17 middle-aged people based on theoretical saturation. The duration of each interview was about 30 to 45 minutes. To analyze the research data, Open, axial and selective coding was used. The first step is open coding, which means that a label is given to the interview text. To achieve this, the first interview was conducted and the concepts of the interview was labeled. After labeling or open- coding several interviews, the categories were prepared for axial coding. At this point, almost all the categories were identified. To achieve reliability criteria, three conventional techniques were used: 1- Control or validation by members; participants were asked to evaluate the overall findings and comment on its accuracy 2- Analytical comparison; to compare and evaluate the structure of the theory with the data, the raw data are conducted 3-the use of audit techniques; several experts in this field, supervise the different stages of coding, conceptualization and extraction of categories. ResultsEventually, after three coding stages, 25 main categories in the field of midlife crisis were identified according to the research model. The findings showed that the central orientation of the midlife crisis is the subject-oriented crises which means that middle-aged people may be in crisis according to different subjects. If their lives are not accompanied by achievements, they walk into crisis. At the time of facing crises, Middle-aged people had chosen active strategies. Trying to compensate for failures, feeling responsible regarding to other people, reducing or deepening relationships, trying to maintain physical appearance are among their most important strategies for facing midlife crises. DiscussionThe findings showed that the main issue of the midlife crisis is midlife subject-oriented crises, meaning that middle-aged people may be in crisis due to various problems. If the expectations are not achieved, they will be in crisis. Middle-aged people chose active strategies in the face of crises. Trying to compensate for failures, feeling responsible regarding to other people, reducing or deepening relationships, trying to maintain physical appearance are among their most important strategies for facing midlife crises.
zahra ebrahimi; Shahrokh Makvand Hoseini; Seyed Mosa Tabatabaee
Abstract
Introduction
Adolescence is considered an important period of life that is accompanied by considerable biological and psychological changes that may lead to anxiety disorders in some cases. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as one of the most prevalent psychological disorders among adolescents is mainly ...
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Introduction
Adolescence is considered an important period of life that is accompanied by considerable biological and psychological changes that may lead to anxiety disorders in some cases. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as one of the most prevalent psychological disorders among adolescents is mainly characterized by heightened levels of anxiety that interferes with performance during life. Clinicians warn that untreated GAD can be harmful and may shift to a more severe disorder such as major depression disorder. Therefore, identifying underlying factors and concomitants of the disease seems pivotal. This study aimed to investigate the prediction of generalized anxiety disorder based on 3 attachment styles as well as examine the mediated role of maladaptive schemas.
Method
The statistical population of the study included students of different levels of high school, ages 13-18 years living in Tehran province, in the autumn and winter of the academic year of 2019 – 2020, from which 297 students were selected by a simple random sampling method. The Pennsylvania Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), and Young’s Schema Questionnaire-short form (YSQ-SF) were used for data collection. A statistical analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed using the SPSS-16 software.
Results
A negative and significant (P<0/01) direct effect was observed for secure attachment and avoidant attachment styles, while no significant direct effects were found for ambivalent attachment style relationship to generalized anxiety disorder. Also, the early maladaptive schemas could significantly mediate the secure attachment style and avoidant attachment style relationship to generalized anxiety disorder, while no mediating role was detected for the ambivalent attachment style. A Bootstrapping analysis also confirmed this finding. All 5 categories of maladaptive attachment schemas significantly were correlated to GAD symptoms.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that increased measures of secure and avoidant attachment styles in adolescents are associated with decreased levels of GAD symptoms. Increase indices in each of the 5 categories of maladaptive schemas (The 18 early maladaptive schemas are classified into 5 main areas: Disconnection/Rejection, Impaired Autonomy, and Performance, Other-Directedness, Hypervigilance/ Inhibition, Impaired Limits) are associated with increased GAD severity, so the relationship is significant. Also, early maladaptive schemas could mediate the relationship between secure and avoidant attachment styles with generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents. According to the results of this study, careful consideration of attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas to prevent generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents is recommended.
S. H. Ahamadi Forushani; F. Yazdkhasti
Volume 20, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 123-138
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationsihp between religious attitude, mental health, happiness and pleasure in students. The sample of this study were 128 university students in Isfahan that selected by cluster sampling. Religious Attitude Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationsihp between religious attitude, mental health, happiness and pleasure in students. The sample of this study were 128 university students in Isfahan that selected by cluster sampling. Religious Attitude Questionnaire, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) were used as instruments of the study. The data was analyzed by path analysis. The results showed that religious attitude was not directly related to mental health and happiness. Mental health was directly related to happiness. Happiness was directly related to pleasure. Based on the results of this study, there are significant relationships between mental health, happiness and pleasure in students, but religious attitude was not related to these variables.
Sh. Veisi; N. Hamid; S. Bassak Nejad
Volume 21, Issue 2 , December 2014, , Pages 125-144
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the efficacy of Islamic multifaceted approach therapy on the health and life satisfaction of female students in Shahid Chamran University. The research method was semi experimental with a pre- posttest and control group. The sample consisted of 30 female students ...
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The aim of this research was to investigate the efficacy of Islamic multifaceted approach therapy on the health and life satisfaction of female students in Shahid Chamran University. The research method was semi experimental with a pre- posttest and control group. The sample consisted of 30 female students who were similar in age and educational status, acquiring one standard deviation bellow the mean in spiritual health and life satisfaction and other criteria considered in this research. They were randomly divided in to experimental and control groups. The instruments were Diner scale for life satisfaction and Palutzion and Ellison questionnaires for spiritual health. We administered 10 sessions of Islamic multifaceted approach therapy for the experimental group but the control group did not receive any treatment. The results revealed that there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p<0.001). The spiritual health and life satisfaction in the experimental group in comparison with the pretest and the control group significantly increased.
Karim Sevari; fatemeh farzadi
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between academic competence and self-compassion variables with fear of academic failure through goals of achievement. The statistical population of the study was male and female students of the second grade of high school in Ahvaz city. From this population, ...
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The present study examined the relationship between academic competence and self-compassion variables with fear of academic failure through goals of achievement. The statistical population of the study was male and female students of the second grade of high school in Ahvaz city. From this population, 300 people were selected by multistage random sampling. The present study is a descriptive-correlational type of path analysis. Research data were collected using the scales of academic competence, self-compassion, fear of academic failure, and goals of achievement. The results showed that after eliminating some of the non-significant direct relationships between the research variables, the fit of the proposed model was confirmed. The results indicate that there is a negative correlation between self-compassion and academic competence with fear of academic failure, there is a negative correlation between self-compassion with performance and avoidance goals, and there is positive correlation between self-compassion with mastery, and there is a positive between avoidance orientation with fear of academic failure, and there is negative correlation between mastery and performance goals. The results also showed that the indirect relationships of variable academic competence with achievement goals through fear of academic failure were non-meaningful, but the indirect relationship between self-compassion and fear of academic failure through these goals were significant. The results of this study suggest that in order to reduce the fear of academic failure in students, it is appropriate to reinforce the concept of academic competence and self-compassion in students.
A. Naami; K. Beshlideh; A. Farhadzadeh
Volume 18, Issue 1 , June 2011, , Pages 133-152
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between organizational constraints with counterproductive work behaviors among employees of Bid Boland Refinery Gas company. Participants were 251 employees who were selected by stratified sampling method and responded to organizational ...
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between organizational constraints with counterproductive work behaviors among employees of Bid Boland Refinery Gas company. Participants were 251 employees who were selected by stratified sampling method and responded to organizational constraints and counterproductive work behaviors questionnaires. The results indicated that there were significant positive relationships between organizational constraints and counterproductive work behaviors and its facets. More over organizational constraints accounted for 44 percent of counter productive work behavior variance. four facets of organizational constraints including, lack of access to work information, co-workers, role demands and work timing played a greater role in prediction of variance of counterproductive work behaviors.
S. Allipour Birgani; G.H. Maktabi; M. Shehni Yailagh; N. Mofradnejad
Volume 18, Issue 2 , December 2011, , Pages 135-154
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigale the relationship of personality traits with academic self-handicapping and the comparison of parenting styles in terms of the later variable in the third grade of high school students in Behbahan. Statistical population included the third- grade high school ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigale the relationship of personality traits with academic self-handicapping and the comparison of parenting styles in terms of the later variable in the third grade of high school students in Behbahan. Statistical population included the third- grade high school boys and girls in academic year of 1389-1390. 353 students were selected from this population by multistage random sampling method, including 175 boys and 178 girls. Academic self handicapping questionnaire, parenting style questionnaire and NEO personality questionnaire were used to measure variables of the study. Statistical methods of one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regressions (Enter and Stepwise) were used for data analysis. ANOVA results indicated that there were significant differences between parenting styles in regard of academic self handicapping. The results of multiple regression analysis by enter method showed that 16% of the academic self handicapping variance was explained by personality variables. Also result of multivariate regression analysis by stepwise method showed that neuroticism and openness to experience were able to predict academic self handicapping.
M. Bayrami; S. Keshavarzi
Abstract
This study examined the role of attachment style and peer relationship on university students' homesickness. The participants were 293 female university students from Tabriz University. They completed the Van Vliet’s Homesickness Scale (2001), Hazan and Shaver’s Attachment Style Questionnaire ...
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This study examined the role of attachment style and peer relationship on university students' homesickness. The participants were 293 female university students from Tabriz University. They completed the Van Vliet’s Homesickness Scale (2001), Hazan and Shaver’s Attachment Style Questionnaire (1987) and the Peer Relationship subscale of Matson Social Scale. Analysis of Multiple Regression (enter method) was used for analyzing data. Results showed that insecure avoidant and insecure ambivalent attachment styles were significant predictors of homesickness. Peer relation was not a predictor of homesickness.
M Bryaji; A Nami
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the role of transformational leadershipand job resources in predicting flow at work and the relationship of flow at work with psychologicalwell-being and creativity. The statisticalpopulation comprised of all employees of Maroon oil and gas Production Company, ...
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The aim of this research was to determine the role of transformational leadershipand job resources in predicting flow at work and the relationship of flow at work with psychologicalwell-being and creativity. The statisticalpopulation comprised of all employees of Maroon oil and gas Production Company, that 221 ofthem have been selected by simple random sampling method. The instruments were Flowat Work (Bakker, 2008), Job Resources (Xanthopoulou, 2007), General Transformational Leadership(Carless, Wearing andMann, 2000), Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 1989) and Organizational Creativity(Zhou and George, 2001). A correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyzdata. The results showed that transformational leadership and job resources had positive andsignificant role in predicting the flow at work respectively. In addition flow at work and its componentshad positive and significant relationships with psychological well-being and organizational creativity. Theresults of regression analysis showed that absorption to job and work enjoyment predictedpsychological well-being and organizational creativity more strongly.
tayebeh Mahmoodi; sudabeh Bassak Nejad; Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management training with positive psychology perspective on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and anger rumination in female students (mean of age = 21/57), residents of dormitory of Shahid Chamran University. In the first ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of anger management training with positive psychology perspective on cognitive emotion regulation strategies and anger rumination in female students (mean of age = 21/57), residents of dormitory of Shahid Chamran University. In the first sample, 400 female students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method who completed Anger Rumination Scale of Sukhodolsky, Golub and Cromwell .From the 66 students, who had high anger rumination, 30 subjects were selected by random sampling method and divided into two groups, control and experimental groups. Experimental group participated in 8 sessions of anger management training with positive psychology perspective, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the anger management training with positive psychology perspective, significantly decreased anger rumination (F = 18/98, p < 0/001), but did not have any effect on positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies (F = 1/37, p < 0/257), (F = 1/85, p < 0/191). This finding showed that anger management training with positive psychology perspective can be usefull for individuals with high anger rumination.
Saeed Ariapooran; Shima Abbasi; Javad Karimi
Abstract
Women with obesity are exposing to many psychological problems. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance commitment therapy on social anxiety and body image in women with obesity. The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test with control group). ...
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Women with obesity are exposing to many psychological problems. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance commitment therapy on social anxiety and body image in women with obesity. The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test with control group). In this research, all women with obesity (106 women) were evaluated psychologically by census sampling method. 48 women among them had symptoms of social anxiety and undesirable body image and 30 of them randomly assigned in experimental and control groups. The Social Anxiety and Multidimensional Body -Self Relations Questionnaires were used for collecting the data. Acceptance Commitment Therapy was trained for experimental group in 8 sessions. Data were analyzed with Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). Results indicated that acceptance commitment therapy has been effective on decreasing the social anxiety and improving the body image in women with obesity (p<0/01). According to results, acceptance commitment therapy was suggested for improving psychological problems (spatially social anxiety and body image) in women with obesity.
B. Peymannia; H. Poursharifi; M. M. Alilou
Volume 20, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 141-160
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of child- parent relation therapy (CPRT) on improvement of conduct disorder symptoms in 8 year-old school children in Ahvaz. A pretest-posttest design with a control group was used in this study. Participants were all parents of 300 students ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of child- parent relation therapy (CPRT) on improvement of conduct disorder symptoms in 8 year-old school children in Ahvaz. A pretest-posttest design with a control group was used in this study. Participants were all parents of 300 students who were at first and second grades. To find and select main subjects, two steps were taken. Firstly, the parents whose children gained scores higher than cut-off score in Conduct Disorder (CBCL) were selected. Secondly, for final selection, the parents were attended in the structured diagnostic interview, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. Main subjects were finally selected from those parents whose children's disorder symptoms were confirmed through the diagnostic interview. Then, they were divided randomly into experimental (including 15 students) and control groups (including 15 students). The experimental group received child- parent relation therapy (CPRT) and control group received no intervention. The analysis showed that the children of mothers who were in the experimental group had a significant decrease in the symptoms of conduct disorder comparing to the children of mothers in the control group. According to the findings, it seems that the training provided to mothers in treatment sessions like reflective listening, therapeutic limit setting, identifying and responding to the feelings of children, child-centered play therapy and giving choices to children, reduces symptoms of conduct disorder symptoms in children.
S. Neisi; M. Yamini
Volume 16, Issue 2 , December 2009, , Pages 153-166
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, achievement motivation, foreign language classroom anxiety and EFL learners’ academic performance. One-hundred and ninety eight students majoring in psychology at Shahid Chamran University participated in this study. ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, achievement motivation, foreign language classroom anxiety and EFL learners’ academic performance. One-hundred and ninety eight students majoring in psychology at Shahid Chamran University participated in this study. Five questionnaires together with an English language test were used in this study: the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI), Self-concept Inventory, Achievement Motivation Questionnaire, Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) and Academic Motivation Questionnaire. Simple and multiple corrolational analyses were run to determine the relationship between the variables. The findings of this study showed that the relationship between self-esteem and EFL learners’ academic performance was positive and significant and so was the relationship between achievement motivation and EFL learners’ academic performance. The results also revealed that the relationship between foreign language classroom anxiety and EFL learners’ academic performance was negative and significant. It was also found that the best predictor variables for EFL learners’ academic performance were achievement motivation and foreign language classroom anxiety.
T. Nazmi; N. Hamid; S. Basak nejad
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 121-142
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of detachment group therapy on the codependency and differentiation of self in women married to an addicted husband in Andimeshk. The research method was experimental with pre - posttest, follow- up and control group. The original sample ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of detachment group therapy on the codependency and differentiation of self in women married to an addicted husband in Andimeshk. The research method was experimental with pre - posttest, follow- up and control group. The original sample consisted of 56 females with addicted spouses. 30 women married to addicts who acquired a score of above 40 in the Holyoake Codependency Index (HCI) had been randomly selected and randomly divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. The instruments were the Holyoake Codependency Index (HCI) and the Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI). For the experimental group we used 12 sessions of detachment group therapy but the control group didn’t receive any intervention. We used the MANCOVA to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group in the codependency and differentiation of self (p<0.05). Also, the rate of codependency decreased but the differentiation of self increased significantly in the experimental group in comparison with the pre-test and control group. These results persisted significantly in the 2 month follow- up period.
Leila Soleimani; Yusuf Dhghni
Abstract
Develomental assets consist of opportunity, values and skills that increase adolescents' achievements at school and result in reduction of risky behaviors and play a protective role in psychological well-being. Current study aims to review mediating role of psychological capital in relationship between ...
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Develomental assets consist of opportunity, values and skills that increase adolescents' achievements at school and result in reduction of risky behaviors and play a protective role in psychological well-being. Current study aims to review mediating role of psychological capital in relationship between developmental assets and academic achievements. For this purpose, 463 students (junior and senior high-school) of Bushehr city (259 boys and 204 girls) were selected by cluster sampling method and they responded to Developmental Assets Scale of Minnesota and Psychological Capital Scale of Luthans. Structural equation modeling was used and the results of analyzing data indicated that there was a meaningful and positive relationship between psychological capital and developmental assets. Also, meaningful relationship between psychological capital and educational achievements, mediated by developmental assets was obtained. The results of structural equation modeling suggests that the model fitted the data. With regard to these findings, it can be said that psychological capital has a mediating role in the relationship between developmental assets and educational achievements. Accordingly, with regard to such variables as developmental assets and increase of psychological capital, the rate of students' academic achievements could be increased.
shahnaz adibi sede; mohammadali sepahvandi; simin gholamrezaei
Abstract
IntroductionIndeed, many notable parameters such as difficult and late diagnosis, occurrence of symptoms after a natural and normal course of growth, lack of effective treatment of autism spectrum disorder and special care which is needed by autism children, can affect the mental health of parents, and ...
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IntroductionIndeed, many notable parameters such as difficult and late diagnosis, occurrence of symptoms after a natural and normal course of growth, lack of effective treatment of autism spectrum disorder and special care which is needed by autism children, can affect the mental health of parents, and in particular mothers. In psychotherapy research, mindfulness is considered as one of the new therapies in the field of relapse prevention and an enhanced state of self-awarness thought in order to improve the depression and anxiety. Considering the existence of mood disorders and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, the overall aim of this study was to determine the effectives of mindfullness-based cognitive therapy on depression and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Method:This research, which Is a quasi-experimental study, compromised of per-test, post-test and follow-up study with the control group. The sample group was selected by available sampling method from mothers referred to the Isfahan “Hazrat Zainab” autism charity. Therefore, 20 subjects were chosen randomly and assigned to two control and experimental groups (each with 10 subjects). In order to assess the severity of depression and anxiety in mothers, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used in pre-test, post-test and one month follow-up phases. The experimental group recieved the mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy for eight 2-hours sessions each week and the control group did not receive any treatment. Analysis of MANCOVA was used to analyze the data. ResultsThe results of the research revealed that at the post-test stage, depression and anxiety scores decreased significantly in the experimental group after the intervention. Moreover, the experimental group was followed up for one month after the treatment, which no changes were observed in the mentioned scores, compared to the post-test phase. It is worth mentioning that the conditions for the control group were almost the same and no changes were occurred. ConclusionsTherefore, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has been effective in the treatment of depression and anxiety in autistic children's mothers. The results emphasized the importance ofusing thisintervention in treating depression and anxiety in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder and presenting new insights in clinical interventions. This research showed that using this treatment, reduce psychological problems of mothers of autistic spectrum children, such as their depression and anxiety were reduced, which ultimately lead to prominent results such as the life expectancy increase, adapting to the conditions of the child's illness, better relations with others, having more social activities and reduction of depression and anxiety problems.
sara taheri; ilnaz sajjadian
Abstract
Introduction Chronic fatigue syndrome is a complex disabling disorder and the symptoms of the disease are common. It can be named as weakness, muscle aches, memory weakness and mental disorientation, insomnia, chest pain, confusion, night sweats, weight loss and psychiatric problems such as depression ...
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Introduction Chronic fatigue syndrome is a complex disabling disorder and the symptoms of the disease are common. It can be named as weakness, muscle aches, memory weakness and mental disorientation, insomnia, chest pain, confusion, night sweats, weight loss and psychiatric problems such as depression and early suffering, anxiety, and so on. People with this syndrome, often show the occurrence of a unique fatigue that differs from other symptoms of fatigue. Most patients with diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome, also receive some diagnostic criteria for psychiatry, in particular, anxiety and depression disorders. Method The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on fatigue, anxiety, depression of staff of Islamic Azad university, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch, suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome. Research method was quasi-experimental with a pre- and post-test design with a control group. For this purpose, 200 staff, according to Cohen et al. (2000), who had entry criteria for research, were selected by a randomized sampling method and responded to chronic fatigue syndrome (Jason, 2010), and quality of life questionnaire (Ware and Hays,1998). Twenty-eight persons who received diagnosis of fatigue syndrome were selected and assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (each group 14 persons). The subjects in the two groups, before and after intervention, and one month later, answered to research instruments, including fatigue scale (Chalder, 1993), hospital anxiety and depression scale (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983). Mindfulness based cognitive therapy was applied to experimental group, in 8 sessions with each session of 90 minutes, but no intervention was carried out in control group. Results For data analysis, multiple analysis of covariance was used. Findings indicated a reduction in means of fatigue, anxiety and depression in experimental group, in comparison to control group (p ≤ 0.05). Findings indicated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy has been effective on fatigue, anxiety and depression of staff with chronic fatigue syndrome. Conclusions Based on the findings of this research, reduction of fatigue, anxiety, and depression in staff suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be a useful as intervention.
elham moradi; Ali Mohammad Safania; Hossein Poorsoltani Zarandi
Abstract
Organizations, particulary, sport organizations need employees who have been in high level of organizational citizenship behavior so as to be capable to present qualified services to their clients and achieve their organization’s goals by engaging client’s satisfaction. This type of behavior ...
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Organizations, particulary, sport organizations need employees who have been in high level of organizational citizenship behavior so as to be capable to present qualified services to their clients and achieve their organization’s goals by engaging client’s satisfaction. This type of behavior needs employee’s voice in order toward organization’s goals. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of organizational identity(OI) in the causal relationship between types of organizational silence(OS) with organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) among staff of youth and sport organizations of Khuzestan province and providing a conceptual model. Statistical population was all of the staff of youth and sport organizations of the Khuzestan province. Statistical samples were chosen by simple random sampling based on Krejcie and Morgan table(210 person; 143-male, 58-female). In order to collect data, OS questionnaire (Dyne, Ang, & Botero, 2003), OI questionnaire(Cheney, 1983), and OCB questionnaire (Podsakeff et al, 1990), were used. Data analysis and examining proposed model were done through structural equation modeling(SEM), by using SPSS 22 and AMOSE 22 software packages. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relation between OS with OCB, and a positive and significant relation between OI with OCB. Also the results revealed that OI can play moderate role in relationship between OS with OCB. moreover, the results showed that all fit indices have sufficient utility.
F. Rajabzadeh; SH. Makvand Hosseini; J. Talebian Sharif; B.A. Ghanbari Hashemabadi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group new reality therapy based on choice theory on social anxiety disorder in university students. In order to used a design pretest- posttest with follow up and control group. 40 students of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad were selected according ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group new reality therapy based on choice theory on social anxiety disorder in university students. In order to used a design pretest- posttest with follow up and control group. 40 students of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad were selected according to the high levels of anxiety and the inclusion- exclusion criteria and divided randomly into control and experimental groups. The experimental group, received 11 group reality therapy sessions (90 minutes - one session per week). Focus was mainly on reducing aspects of social anxiety and empowerment of individuals in recovery of their situation (interpreting anxious behaviors an internal choice, interpreting responsibility and realism as a particular effective behavior, increasing responsibility about the choice of behaviors). No intervention received by control group. Both groups completed Social Anxiety Inventory (SPIN) before and after treatment and also 3 month after finish the course of treatment. The data were analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance on differences of pre-test and post-test scores. Findings showed that group new reality therapy based on choice theory results to reduce anxiety in student of university in the experimental group compared with the control group. These findings can be usedgroup reality therapy based on choice theory to reduce anxiety in people suffering to this disorder.
L. Haghshenas; A. Navidian; A. S. Aminjafari; A. Kazemi; M. R. Abedi; H. Sadeghi
Volume 19, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 137-158
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare norm scores and determine the validity and reliability of Campbell Interest and Skill Survey on Isfahan high school students. 412 students were selected by cluster random sampling method and Campbell Interest and Skill Survey was administeredto them. Campbell ...
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The purpose of this study was to prepare norm scores and determine the validity and reliability of Campbell Interest and Skill Survey on Isfahan high school students. 412 students were selected by cluster random sampling method and Campbell Interest and Skill Survey was administeredto them. Campbell Scales reliability coefficients were computed using alpha and test–retest methods. Orientation Interests Scales validities were computed in three ways: correlation between Orientation Interests Scales and Educational-Vocational Interest Short Form Inventory, comparison of scores of male and female students, and correlation between Orientation Interest Scales and Orientation Skill Scales. The Validity of second battery of CISS Scales, that is Orientation Skill, Scales was analyzed through two ways: correlation between Orientation Skill Scales and Skill Confidence Inventory, and correlation between Orientation Skill Scales and Orientation Interest Scales. The validity of the third battery of scales, that is 29 Basic Interest Scales, was examined using the correlation of this battery of scales and 29 Basic Skill Scales. The validity of 29 Basic Skill Scales also was examined using the correlation of this battery of scales and 29 Basic Interest Scales. In sum, findings showed that Farsi form of CISS is a valuable instrument for evaluation of interest and skill, and has satisfactory reliability and validity for high school students.
