نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران

2 دانشجوی دوره دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم ‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران

3 استاد گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم ‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران

4 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم ‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران

چکیده

الگویی از پیشایندها و پیامدهای مهم انگیزش شغلی طراحی و روی یک نمونه 652 نفری از کارکنان شرکت ملی نفت مناطق نفتخیز جنوب-منطقه اهواز آزموده شد. الگوی پیشنهادی انگیزش شغلی پنج لایه را در بر می‌گیرد که از لایه اول تا پنجم به ترتیب شامل پیشایندهای دور (متغیرهای صفات انگیزشی، محدودیت‌های رویه‌ای و دشواری هدف)، پیشایندهای نزدیک (متغیرهای اخلاق کار اسلامی، خشنودی از درآمد، نیازهای اساسی روانشناختی، خودکارآمدی، ویژگی‌های شغل و امنیت شغلی)، متغیر انگیزش شغلی، پیامدهای نزدیک (متغیرهای خشنودی شغلی، دلبستگی شغلی، تعهد سازمانی، تلاش و قصد ترک شغل) و پیامدهای دور (متغیرهای عملکرد شغلی و فشار روانی شغلی( می‌باشد. ارزیابی الگوی پیشنهادی با استفاده از رویکرد دو مرحله‌ای اندرسون و گربینگ (1988) در الگویابی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) بر اساس نرم‌افزار AMOS ویراست 7 انجام گرفت. جهت آزمودن اثرهای واسطه‌ای در الگوی پیشنهادی و تعیین معنی‌داری آنها نیز از روش بارون و کِنی (1986) و آزمون سوبِل (1982) استفاده گردید. گرچه تحلیل‌های الگویابی معادلات ساختاری برازش الگو را با داده‌ها مورد حمایت قرار دادند، اما مقادیر برخی از شاخص‌‌های برازندگی حاکی از آن بود که الگو نیاز به بهبود دارد. در نتیجه، با حذف مسیرهای غیرمعنی‌دار و اضافه نمودن چند مسیر جدید برازش بسیار خوب الگوی نهایی با داده‌ها حاصل گردید. استفاده از آزمون تفاوت مجذور کای نیز روند بهبود الگوی نهایی را مورد تأیید قرار داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing and Testing a Model of Important Precedents and Outcomes of Work Motivation of National Iranian South Oil Company Employees in Ahvaz Region, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H Shokrkon 1
  • N. Arshadi 2
  • M. Shehni Yailagh 3
  • J. Haghighi 4

1 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University

2 PhD Student in Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University

3 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University

4 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University

چکیده [English]

A model of the precedents and outcomes of work motivation was developed and tested with survey responses from 652 employees of National Iranian South Oil Company in Ahvaz region, Iran. The variables in the model were arranged in five layers, which included: 1) distal precursors of motivation (motivational traits, procedural constraints and job goal difficulty), 2) proximal precursors (Islamic work ethic, pay satisfaction, basic psychological needs, self-efficacy, job characteristics and job security), 3) work motivation variable, 4) proximal outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job involvement, effort and turnover intention), and 5) distal outcomes of motivation (job performance and job stress). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS-7 and SPSS-15 software packages were used for data analysis. The results of the hypothesized CFA model indicated that the relationship between each indicator variable and its respective latent variable was statistically significant. On the basis of the overall model fit indices, findings indicated that the revision of the hypothesized structural model was warranted. Better fit and more meaningful results were obtained by developing optimal model. The implementation of χ2 difference test had also indicated the improvement trend of the final model. Implications for designing work motivation systems are discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • work motivation
  • Islamic work ethic
  • job characteristics
  • basic needs
  • job attitudes
  • turnover intention
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