پدیدارشناسی تجربیات دانشجویان از فرایند خلاقیت در یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه

رضوی, سید عباس

doi:10.22055/psy.2022.39146.2761

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

سید عباس رضوی

استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.22055/psy.2022.39146.2761

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش کاوش تجارب دانشجویان از فرایند خلاقیت در یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه بود. بدین منظور از روش پدیدارشناسی توصیفی استفاده شد. مشارکت کنندگان 11 دانشجوی کارشناسی رشته علوم تربیتی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز بودند که به شیوه نمونه گیری هدفمند از نوع ملاک محور انتخاب شدند. ملاکهای ورود عبارت بودند از: دانشجوی کارشناسی رشته علوم تربیتی، گذراندن واحد درسی پروژه فردی، انجام یک پروژه خلاقانه، و تمایل جهت شرکت در مطالعه. دانشجویان حدود 4 ماه در حال انجام یک پروژه خلاقانه(ساخت بازی آموزشی) بودند. پس از پایان پروژه، مصاحبه ای نیمه ساختارمند با دانشجویان انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک کلایزی تحلیل شد. به منظور افزایش دقت در تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار مکس کیودا استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها چهار مضمون اصلی را آشکار ساخت که عبارت بودند از: الف) تجارب مرحله مواجهه، ب) فرایندها، ج) منابع حمایتی، د) نتایج. هر یک از مضامین اصلی نیز مضامین فرعی دیگری داشت. بر اساس یافته های پژوهش، پیشنهادهایی جهت تسهیل و بهبود فرایند خلاقیت دانشجویان ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Students' Experiences of the Creativity Process in Project-Based Learning: A Phenomenological Study

نویسنده [English]

Seyed Abbas Razavi

Assistant professor, Faculty of education and psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Creativity is recognized as one of the key skills in the 21st century. Higher education curricula should cover this skill seriously. The purpose of this study was to explore students' experiences of the creativity process in project-based learning. For this purpose, a descriptive phenomenological method was used. Participants were 11 undergraduate students who were studying educational sciences at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and were selected by purposive sampling method. Inclusion criteria were: undergraduate student in educational sciences, passing an individual project course, doing a creative project, and willingness to participate in the study. The students were involved in a creative project (making an educational game) for approximately 4 months. At the end of the project, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the students. Data were analyzed by a seven-level Colaizzi method. To increase the accuracy of data analysis, MAXQDA software was used. Data analysis revealed four main themes: a) Experiences related to encountering the project, b) processes, c) supportive resources, d) outcomes. Each of the main themes had other sub-themes. Based on the research findings, suggestions have been made to facilitate and improve the students' creativity process.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Creativity
creative thinking
Project-Based Learning(PjBL)
higher education students

مراجع

Alencar, E. M. L., Fleith, D. S., & Pereira, N. (2017). Creativity in higher education: Challenges and facilitating factors. Temas em Psicologia, 25(2), 553-561.

Amabile, T. (2009). Growing up creative: Nurturing a lifetime of creativity. (Translated by Hassan Ghasemzadeh and Parvin Azimi). Tehran: Donyahe No. [Persian]

Ardhyantama, V., & Widodo, S. (2020). Creativity skill Proses in project based learning: A case study of distance learning in Pacistan. Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal, 1(2), 152-158.

Carmona Marques, P. (2021). A model for fostering creativity in the product development process. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation, 9(2), 103-118.

Craft, A. (2005). Creativity in schools: Tensions and dilemmas. Psychology Press.

Csikszentmihalyi, M (2020). Creativity: The psychology of discovery and invention (Translated by Abbas Ali Katirai). Tehran: Maziar. [Persian]

De Dreu, C. K., Baas, M., & Nijstad, B. A. (2008). Hedonic tone and activation level in the mood-creativity link: toward a dual pathway to creativity model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(5), 739-756.

Drapeau, P. (2014). Sparking student creativity: Practical ways to promote innovative thinking and problem solving. ASCD.

Gannett, A. (2020). The creativie curve; How to develop the right idea at the right time. (Translated by Homa Qanad). Tehran: Milkan. [In Persian]

Gerber, E., Olson, J. M., & Komarek, R., L. D. . (2012). Extracurricular design-based learning: Preparing students for careers in innovation. International Journal of Engineering Education, 28(2), 317-324.

Gong, H., & Xin, X. (2019). Buzz and tranquility, what matters for creativity? A case study of the online games industry in Shanghai. Geoforum, 106, 105-114.

Gregerson, M. B., Snyder, H. T., & Kaufman, J. C. X. (2013). Teaching creatively and teaching creativity. Springer Science & Business Media.

Hosseini, A. S (2020). Creative learning, creative class; Practical ways to foster creativity. Tehran: Madreseh. [Persian]

Jafari, S., & Mohamadi, Z. (2017). The impact of project-based learning approach on Iranian EFL learners' learning of English idiomatic expressions. Linguistic Research in Foreign Languages, 7(2), 325-354. [Persian]

Javdan, M. (2021). Designing and developing a model for strengthening the mentality and culture of entrepreneurship in first and second grade students. Journal of Psychological Achievements, 28(1), 197-214. [Persian]

Kaufman, J. C., & Sternberg, R. J. (2010). The Cambridge handbook of creativity. New York: Cambridge university press.

Matraeva, A. D., Rybakova, M. V., Vinichenko, M. V., Oseev, A. A., & Ljapunova, N. V. (2020). Development of creativity of students in higher educational institutions: Assessment of students and experts. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 8-16

Ridlo, Z. R., Nuha, U., Terra, I. W. A., & Afafa, L. (2020). The implementation of project-based learning in STEM activity (water filtration system) in improving creative thinking skill. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 1563(1), 012073.

Seif, M. H, Sabet Maharlouei, A. (2014). Effective personal characteristics in creating and developing creativity among the students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 14(9), 777-786 [Persian]

Seif, A. A. (2018). Modern educational psychology: Psychology of learning and teaching. Tehran: Doran. [Persian]

Shakiba, H. (2013). Creativity in education; A reference book. Tehran: Madreseh. [Persian]

Shehni Yailagh, M., Hajiyakhchali, A., Haghighi, J., & Behroozi, N. (2010). The effect of teaching creative problem solving (CPS) process on scientific thinking, creativity and innovation in students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Journal of Psychological Achievements, 16(2), 37-70. [Persian]

Shuhailo, Y. V., & Derkach, T. M. (2021). Project-based learning for undergraduate engineering students minoring in textile technology and design. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1840.

Smaldino, S. E., Lowther, D. L., Russell, J. D., & Mims, C. (2015). Instructional technology and media for learning (11 ed.). Pearson.

Starko, A. J. (2010). Creativity in the classroom: Schools of curious delight (4 ed.). Routledge.

Theriault, D., & Stone, G. (2021). Promoting creativity in undergraduate recreation and leisure services classrooms: An overview. SCHOLE: A Journal of Leisure Studies and Recreation Education, 1-12.

To, M. L., Fisher, C. D., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Rowe, P. A. (2012). Within-person relationships between mood and creativity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(3), 599-612.

Trust, T., Maloy, R. W., & Edwards, S. (2017). Learning through Making: Emerging and expanding designs for college classes. TechTrends, 62(1), 19-28.

Watson, J. S. (2014). Assessing creative process and product in higher education. Practitioner Research in Higher Education, 8(1), 89-100.

Yousefi, M., Assareh, A., & Hosseinikhah, A. (2016). The nature and implications of project-based learning in curriculum. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 11(42), 95-134. [Persian]

دست‌آوردهای روان‌شناختی

پدیدارشناسی تجربیات دانشجویان از فرایند خلاقیت در یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 29، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28
مهر 1401
صفحه 41-68

پدیدارشناسی تجربیات دانشجویان از فرایند خلاقیت در یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 29، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28مهر 1401صفحه 41-68

دوره 29، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28
مهر 1401
صفحه 41-68